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FLASH GENE
Symbol MAOA contributors: mct - updated : 19-03-2015
HGNC name monoamine oxidase A
HGNC id 6833
Corresponding disease
MAOA/BD MAOA/B deletion syndrome
MRIB mental retardation with impulsive behavior
Location Xp11.3      Physical location : 43.515.408 - 43.606.067
EC.number 1.4.3.4
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 91.92 kb     15 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned Y linked Y status confirmed
Map pter - DXS993 - DXS1201 - DXS228 - DXS77 - DXS7 - MAOA - MAOB - NDP - RRM2P3 - DXS742 - UBE1 - DXS1264 - DXS1055 - DXS1003 - DXS1146 - DXS1266 - ARAF - SYN1 - TIMP1 - PFC - (DXS426 ,ELK1 ) - DXS1367 - ZNF81 - ZNF21 - DXS1267 - TBC1D25 - DXS722 - GATA1 - DXS226 - DXS1126 - DXS1240 - DXS1011E - (TFE3 ,SYP ) - DXS255 - DXS146 - OATL2 - cen
Authors Consensus, Willard (94)
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
16 - 5438 - 394 - -
15 - 5330 - 394 - -
EXPRESSION
Type widely
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Endocrinethyroid   highly
Reproductivefemale systemplacenta  highly
Respiratoryrespiratory tracttrachea  highly
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Connectiveadipose  highly
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • flavin containing amine oxidase domain
  • anchored to the outer mitochondrial membrane via C-terminal helical tails
  • mono polymer homomer , heteromer , monomer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Maob
    intraspecies paralog to MAOB
    Homologene
    FAMILY flavin monoamine oxidase family
    CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,outer
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • degrading amine neurotransmitters (such as dopamine, norepinephrin and serotonin)
  • having important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues
  • MAOA, SLC6A2, SLC6A3 may play important roles in regulating maternal monoamine neurotransmitters transferred across the placenta to the fetus
  • novel roles for MAOA, MAOB and serotonin in the regulation of intermediate progenitor cells proliferation in the developing brain
  • MAOA and MAOB are a crucial pair of isoenzymes, which oxidatively deaminate monoamine neurotransmitters and dietary amines with a production of hydrogen peroxide
  • MAOA, and MAOB are dimeric in their membrane-bound forms
  • MAOA and MAOB are mitochondrial-bound proteins, catalyzing the oxidative deamination of monoamine neurotransmitters as well as xenobiotic amines
  • primarily deaminates serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine and, therefore, is implicated in several psychiatric diseases
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS electron transport
    PATHWAY
    metabolism amine , hormone
    signaling neurotransmission
  • metabolism of various biogenic amine hormones
  • glucocorticoid-KLF11-MAOA pathway may play a crucial role in modulating distinct pathophysiological steps in stress-related disorders
  • a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule cofactor, nucleotide,
  • FAD
  • protein
  • interacting with CDCA7L (inhibits the MAOA promoter and enzymatic activities)
  • SLC6A2
  • PARK2 suppresses the transcription of MAOA, MAOB to control oxidative stress induced by dopamine oxidation
  • KLF11 is an MAOA regulator and is produced in response to neuronal stress, which transcriptionally activates MAOA
  • stress increases KLF11 expression and induces its nuclear translocation and contributes to increase in MAOA expression
  • GATA2, SP1 and TATA-binding protein (TBP)interacting with the proximal promoter region of MAOA
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) MRIB , MAOA/BD
    related resource MITOP database
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in female panic desorders
    constitutional     --low  
    significantly lower platelet MAOA activity in children with hyperactive, inattentive, and combined subtype of ADHD than in control children
    constitutional       loss of function
    results in high 5-HT levels, antisocial, aggressive, and perseverative behaviors
    Susceptibility
  • to anorexia nervosa and to Parkinson disease
  • to delinquent behavior in adolescence and young adulthood
  • to attention--deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
  • to variation of interindividual differences in behavior.
  • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • rare 2 repeat of the 30-bp VNTR2, associated with deinquent behavior in adolescence and young adulthood
  • status of MAOA methylation observed in healthy males merits consideration as a variable contributing to interindividual differences in behavior
  • interaction of MAOA and SYP may be involved in the genetic mechanism of ADHD-I subtype
  • Candidate gene for obesity in dupXp11p21 patients
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Htr6 mediates defective brain development in monoamine oxidase A-deficient mouse embryos
  • early postnatal inhibition of serotonin synthesis results in long-term reductions of perseverative behaviors, but not aggression, in Maoa-deficient mice