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FLASH GENE
Symbol GNAL contributors: mct/npt - updated : 30-06-2009
HGNC name guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha activating activity polypeptide, olfactory type
HGNC id 4388
Location 18p11.21      Physical location : 11.689.135 - 11.883.144
Synonym name
  • adenylate cyclase-stimulating G alpha protein, olfactory
    • type
    Synonym symbol(s) GOLF
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 194.00 kb     13 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
    Physical map
    LOC125242 18p11.22 similar to Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 18 (Cytokeratin 18) (K18) (CK 18) RAB31 18p11.31-p11.22 RAB31, member RAS oncogene family TXNDC2 18p11.31-p11.2 thioredoxin domain containing 2 (spermatozoa) VAPA 18p11.21 VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein)-associated protein A, 33kDa APCDD1 18p11.21 adenomatosis polyposis coli down-regulated 1 NAPG 18p11.21 N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein, gamma LOC390831 18 similar to Phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM 2) FLJ23403 18p11.21 hypothetical protein FLJ23403 LOC342843 18p11.21 similar to hypothetical protein LOC284221 18p11.21 hypothetical protein LOC284221 FLJ34907 18p11.21 hypothetical protein FLJ34907 LOC388463 18 similar to acyl-malonyl condensing enzyme LOC388464 18 hypothetical gene supported by D86974 GNAL 18p11.31 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha activating activity polypeptide, olfactory type CHMP1.5 18p11.21 CHMP1.5 protein MPPE1 18p11.21-p11.1 CHMP1.5 protein IMPA2 18p11.22-p11.21 inositol(myo)-1(or 4)-monophosphatase 2 LOC284226 18p11.21 similar to Kinesin-like protein KIF1C LOC284227 18p11.21 similar to single stranded DNA binding protein 4 LOC162835 18p11.21 similar to G protein-coupled receptor 124 LOC342850 18p11.21 similar to KIAA1074 protein LOC390832 18 similar to Phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM 2) CIDEA 18p11.21 cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector a MGC4083 18p11.21 tubulin beta MGC4083 AFG3L2 18p11 AFG3 ATPase family gene 3-like 2 (yeast) HFL-EDDG1 18p11.21 erythroid differentiation and denucleation factor 1 Spir-1 18p11.21 Spir-1 protein C18orf9 18p11.21 chromosome 18 open reading frame 9 HCCA3 18p11.21 hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility protein PTPN2 18p11.22-p11.21 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 2 SEC13L 18p11.21 sec13-like protein LOC390833 18 similar to ribosomal protein P0-like protein; 60S acidic ribosomal protein PO; ribosomal protein, large, P0-like LOC388465 18 LOC388465 FLJ31338 18p11.21 hypothetical protein FLJ31338
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    13 - 3402 44.2 381 - Akita (2009)
    12 - 4027 44.2 381 expressed in D1-rich areas of the brain (Laurin 2008) Akita (2009)
  • localized at the perinuclear region and causes large endosome formation
  • N-terminal region plays an important role in perinuclear localization, Golgi localization and endosome formation
  • interacting with RAB3A, and RAB8A
  • couple to the adenosine A2A receptor (ADORA2A)(Ravyn 2006)
    • 12 - 3814 52.3 458 - Akita (2009)
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveliver    
    Endocrineneuroendocrinepituitary  highly
    Hearing/Equilibriumear   highly
    Nervousbrain    
    Reproductivemale systemtestis   
    Respiratorylung    
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Connectiveadipose  highly
    Epithelialsensoryolfactory  
    Lymphoid    
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a GTPase domain made of three regions named switches 1, 2 and 3 and including the sites for guanine nucleotide binding and effector interaction
  • an helical domain
    • mono polymer heteromer , trimer
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • G-alpha family
  • G(s) subfamily
    • CATEGORY regulatory , signaling
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • alpha stimulating activity, olfactory type
  • involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems
  • may be involved in some aspect of visual transduction, and in mediating the effect of one or more hormones/neurotransmitters
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • heteromeric G protein complex, with 3units: alpha, beta and gamma
  • the alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • guanine nucleotide binding
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
  • to bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
  • possible contribution in the susceptibility to ADHD, with possible involvement of parent-of-origin effects (Laurin 2008)
    • Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS