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FLASH GENE
Symbol GNAL contributors: mct/npt - updated : 03-01-2017
HGNC name guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha activating activity polypeptide, olfactory type
HGNC id 4388
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
13 - 6048 44.2 381 - 2000 11032382
12 - 4027 44.2 381 expressed in D1-rich areas of the brain (Laurin 2008) 2000 11032382
  • localized at the perinuclear region and causes large endosome formation
  • N-terminal region plays an important role in perinuclear localization, Golgi localization and endosome formation
  • interacting with RAB3A, and RAB8A
  • couple to the adenosine A2A receptor (ADORA2A)(Ravyn 2006)
  • 12 - 6491 52.3 458 - 2000 11032382
    13 - 5850 - 381 - 2000 11032382
    8 - 5568 - 174 - 2000 11032382
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveliver    
    Endocrineneuroendocrinepituitary  highly
    Hearing/Equilibriumear   highly
    Nervousbrain    
    Reproductivemale systemtestis   
    Respiratorylung    
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Connectiveadipose  highly
    Epithelialsensoryolfactory  
    Lymphoid    
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a GTPase domain made of three regions named switches 1, 2 and 3 and including the sites for guanine nucleotide binding and effector interaction
  • an helical domain
  • mono polymer heteromer , trimer
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • G-alpha family
  • G(s) subfamily
  • CATEGORY regulatory , signaling
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • alpha stimulating activity, olfactory type
  • involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems
  • may be involved in some aspect of visual transduction, and in mediating the effect of one or more hormones/neurotransmitters
  • GNAL-encoded protein is important for dopamine D1 receptor function and odorant signal transduction
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • heteromeric G protein complex, with 3units: alpha, beta and gamma
  • the alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • guanine nucleotide binding
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) DYT25
    Susceptibility
  • to bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
  • possible contribution in the susceptibility to ADHD, with possible involvement of parent-of-origin effects (Laurin 2008)
  • Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS