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FLASH GENE
Symbol GIP contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 29-05-2010
HGNC name gastric inhibitory polypeptide
HGNC id 4270
Location 17q21.32      Physical location : 47.035.917 - 47.045.955
Synonym name glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
Synonym symbol(s) D17S1971
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 10.04 kb     6 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
Map cen - PPY - HOXB6 - NGFR - NME1 - qter
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
6 - 711 - 153 - 2002 11820780
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveintestinesmall intestine  highly
 stomach   highly
Nervousbrain    
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Nervousoligodendrocyte
NervousSchawnn cell
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • N-terminal domain of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) plays an important role in regulating biological activity (N-terminal truncation is associated with reduced effects at the GIP receptor with a potential for antagonist action, further highlighting the role of the N-terminal domain of the peptide for bioactivity)
    • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • glucagon family
    • CATEGORY regulatory , storage
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    basic FUNCTION
  • playing an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis as a potent stimulator of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells following food ingestion and nutrient absorption
  • plays a crucial role in switching from fat oxidation to fat accumulation under the diminished insulin action as a potential target for secondary prevention of insulin resistance
  • gut hormone secreted from enteroendocrine K-cells
  • important physiologic role in lipid homeostasis and possibly in the pathogenesis of obesity
  • incretin hormone whereby it regulates postprandial glucose-dependent insulin secretion
  • exerts functionally important actions on adipose, bone and brain function
  • incretin that directly promotes fat accumulation in adipocytes
  • putative modulatory functions of GIP/GIPR signaling in adult neurons
  • critical role of GIP/GIPR signal transduction in promoting spontaneous recovery after nerve crush
  • gastrointestinal hormone that regulates pancreatic islet function
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS digestion
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
    cell & other
  • targets pancreatic beta-cells to stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release
    • REGULATION
    Other rapidly regulated by endocrine cells in response to nutrient ingestion, with stimulatory effects on insulin synthesis and release
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional       loss of function
    inhibition of GIP signaling increases adiponectin levels, resulting in increased fat oxidation in peripheral tissues under high-fat diet
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS