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FLASH GENE

Symbol

GIP

contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 29-05-2010

HGNC name	gastric inhibitory polypeptide
HGNC id	4270

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Location	17q21.32      Physical location : 47.035.917 - 47.045.955
Synonym name	glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
Synonym symbol(s)	D17S1971

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	10.04 kb     6 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

confirmed

Map	cen - PPY - HOXB6 - NGFR - NME1 - qter

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_004123 6 - 711 NP_004114 - 153 - 2002 11820780

EXPRESSION

Type

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive intestine small intestine     highly   stomach       highly Nervous brain

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Nervous oligodendrocyte Nervous Schawnn cell

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

N-terminal domain of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) plays an important role in regulating biological activity (N-terminal truncation is associated with reduced effects at the GIP receptor with a potential for antagonist action, further highlighting the role of the N-terminal domain of the peptide for bioactivity)

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY

glucagon family

CATEGORY

regulatory , storage

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION

extracellular

basic FUNCTION	playing an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis as a potent stimulator of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells following food ingestion and nutrient absorption
	plays a crucial role in switching from fat oxidation to fat accumulation under the diminished insulin action as a potential target for secondary prevention of insulin resistance
	gut hormone secreted from enteroendocrine K-cells
	important physiologic role in lipid homeostasis and possibly in the pathogenesis of obesity
	incretin hormone whereby it regulates postprandial glucose-dependent insulin secretion
	exerts functionally important actions on adipose, bone and brain function
	incretin that directly promotes fat accumulation in adipocytes
	putative modulatory functions of GIP/GIPR signaling in adult neurons
	critical role of GIP/GIPR signal transduction in promoting spontaneous recovery after nerve crush
	gastrointestinal hormone that regulates pancreatic islet function

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

digestion

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

signal transduction

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein

cell & other

targets pancreatic beta-cells to stimulate glucose-dependent insulin release

REGULATION

Other

rapidly regulated by endocrine cells in response to nutrient ingestion, with stimulatory effects on insulin synthesis and release

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional       loss of function inhibition of GIP signaling increases adiponectin levels, resulting in increased fat oxidation in peripheral tissues under high-fat diet

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS