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FLASH GENE
Symbol SHBG contributors: mct/npt - updated : 31-05-2023
HGNC name sex hormone-binding globulin
HGNC id 10839
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • N-terminal laminin G-like domain of SHBG includes binding sites for calcium, sex steroids, and fibulin family members, as well as a dimerization domain
    • conjugated GlycoP
    mono polymer homomer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • laminin G family
    • CATEGORY transport carrier
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    text
  • intracellular during spermatogenesis
  • produced and secreted by the liver into the bloodstream where it binds sex steroids and regulates their bioavailability
    • basic FUNCTION
  • regulating the free concentration of estrogens or steroids that bind to it
  • internalized by brain cells, which may be affected by the presence of ER beta
  • modulates the bio-availability of serum sex steroid hormones, which may be involved in ovarian cancer
  • playing a role in the aetiology of type 2 diabetes (Perry 2010)
  • SHBG transports and regulates the activities of androgens and estrogens
  • direct, causal role for SHBG in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, as a hepatokine
  • is the major carrier protein for sex steroids in plasma, regulating sex hormone availability in most vertebrate groups
  • SHBG protects against ER stress development and its progression
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling hormonal , signal transduction
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • SHBG receptor in prostate stromal and epithelial cells
  • binding estradiol and testosterone
  • HNF4A is a vital transcription factor in the SHBG synthesis process
  • SHBG could be involved in glucose metabolism through its regulation of multiple GLUTs
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    elevated SHBG levels may cause increased bone mass
    constitutional     --over  
    higher circulating SHBG levels were directly and independently predictive of lower coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in both men and women
    Susceptibility
  • to variation of age of menarche
  • to variation of hip BMD in men
  • to type 2 diabetes
  • to variation of testosterone level
  • to Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
    • Variant & Polymorphism SNP , other
  • association of a functional (TAAAA)n polymorphism in the promoter with the timing of menarche
  • polymorphisms in the promoter predict serum levels of SHBG, androgens, and glucuronidated androgen metabolites, and hip BMD in men
  • SNP rs1799941 was associated with type 2 diabetes (Perry 2010)
  • rs727428 was the most significant variant at 17p13 associated with T and DHT levels
  • SHBG gene polymorphism is correlated with the risk of PCOS
    • Candidate gene
  • role for SHBG as PCOS candidate gene
    • Marker
  • SHBG levels may prove to be a useful biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS
    • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    diabetetype 2 
    development of SHBG-raising therapies is a means to prevent or treat disorders such as type 2 diabetes
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS