Selected-GenAtlas references SOURCE GeneCards NCBI Gene Swiss-Prot Ensembl
HGNC UniGene Nucleotide OMIM UCSC
Home Page
FLASH GENE
Symbol EGR1 contributors: mct/shn - updated : 09-11-2018
HGNC name early growth response 1
HGNC id 3238
Location 5q31.2      Physical location : 137.801.180 - 137.805.004
Synonym name
  • Kruppel homolog 24
  • immediate early growth response, gene 1 (pAT225)
  • nerve growth factor induced clone A
  • zinc finger protein Krox-24
  • transcription factor Zif268
  • early growth response protein 1
  • transcription factor ETR103
  • zinc finger protein 225
  • zinc finger protein Krox-24
  • Synonym symbol(s) KROX24, NGFIA, ZIF268, TIS8, GOS30, ZNF225, AT225, KROX-24, NGFI-A, ZIF-268
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 3.93 kb     2 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    Binding site   transcription factor
    text structure promoter contains two adjacent ATF5 consensus binding sites at a conserved promoter position and, is targeted and regulated by ATF5 in C6 and MCF-7 cells
    MAPPING cloned Y linked   status confirmed
    Map cen - D5S1983 - D5S414 - EGR1 - D5S500 - D5S476 - qter
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    2 - 3136 57.3 543 - 2006 16831524
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveliver   highly Homo sapiens
    Reproductivefemale systemovary  highly
    Respiratorylung   highly
     respiratory tractlarynx  highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Lymphoid    
    Muscularsmooth   
    Nervouscentral   
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticneutrophil Homo sapiens
    Blood/Hematopoieticthymocyte
    Lymphoid/Immunelymphocyte
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period
    cell cycle     cell cycle, G1
    life cycle G0
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • three DNA binding zinc finger domains
  • a bipartite nuclear localization domain
  • a C-terminal SPS domain that may also serve as a novel nuclear localization signal
  • conjugated PhosphoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to egr1, Danio rerio
    ortholog to Egr1, Rattus norvegicus
    ortholog to Egr1, Mus musculus
    ortholog to EGR1, Pan troglodytes
    intraspecies homolog to EGR3
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • EGR family of C2H2-type zinc-finger protein
  • immediate early response transcription factor family
  • CATEGORY DNA associated , transcription factor , protooncogene
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • present in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of un-stimulated neutrophils and activation did not change this subcellular localization or promote nuclear translocation
  • efficient nuclear localization of EGR1 is vital to its function as a transcription factor, and involves importin-7 (IPO7)
  • basic FUNCTION
  • involved in cell proliferation, macrophage differentiation
  • synaptic activation and long term potentiation
  • key mediator of inflammation and apoptosis in vascular cells
  • activating the transcription of target genes whose products are required for mitogenesis and differentiation
  • involved in TOPBP1 regulation
  • role in regulating hepatocellular mitotic progression through the spindle assembly checkpoint during liver regeneration (
  • has an essential role in learning and memory processing that appears to be partly distinct from the role of EGR3
  • functions in cell growth, development, and stress responses in many tissues, and in regulating homeostasis of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)
  • may commands a genetic program that coordinates stem cell division and migration to maintain appropriate HSC number and function
  • negative role in adipocyte differentiation
  • EGR1, EGR2, EGR3, are essential for conversion of the mitogenic signal of epidermal growth factor into a proliferative response
  • involved in regulating homeostasis of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) by coordinating proliferation and migration
  • target for cooperative interactions between cholecystokinin and leptin, and inhibition by ghrelin, in vagal afferent neurons
  • central regulator of early inflammatory and immune processes by rapidly regulating the transcription of a wide array of downstream effector genes
  • essential for MMP9 transcription in response to TNFalpha within the tumor microenvironment
  • central role of EGR1, in the regulation of HDAC inhibitor-induced apoptotic cell death in synovial sarcoma
  • connection between EGR1 and PTEN may be a common mechanism underlying the apoptotic response of many human tumors to radiation and chemotherapy
  • central role of the transcription factor EGR1 in synovial sarcoma cell survival and HDAC inhibitor-induced apoptotic effects on synovial sarcoma
  • EGR1, EGR2 are novel DNA-binding proteins involved in vertebrate tendon differentiation by regulating type I collagen production
  • EGR1-promoted GGPPS1 transcription increased RAS prenylation and caused Erk1/2 activation
  • participates in the development of insulin resistance in adipocytes
  • transactivates Bim gene expression to mediate apoptosis of rat cerebellar granule neurons (
  • sufficient and necessary for neuronal apoptosis (
  • activates CDK5 to promote phosphorylation of MAPT and inactivates PP1 via phosphorylation
  • regulator of MAPT phosphorylation
  • modulator of the cholesterol biosynthetic gene family in liver
  • regulates angiogenic and fibrogenic factor production in mesenchymal stem cells
  • nuclear transcription factor, which is considered to be the critical initiating factor of the processes of ascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and migration
  • CELLULAR PROCESS nucleotide, transcription, regulation
    cell organization/biogenesis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    text involved in inducing appropriate genes expression during thymocyte development
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    EGR1/GGPPS1/Erk1/2 pathway is potentially responsible for insulin resistance during hyperinsulinism
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
  • nucleotides -56 and -47 upstream of the Bim gene start site (
  • associated with the promoter regions of the immune regulatory genes IL1 beta, TGFbeta-1 and MIF in both resting and activated neutrophils with increased promoter association observed upon cell activation
  • MMP9 promoter and plays an essential role for TNF1 induction of MMP9 transcription
  • PTEN promoter region after HDAC inhibitor addition
  • RNA
    small molecule
    Zn
    protein
  • NGFI-A-binding protein, NAB1 (
  • Casein kinase II, CKII (
  • cAMP-response-element-binding-protein-binding protein, CBP and p300 (
  • bicoid-related homeoprotein Ptx1 (
  • proteasome component C8, PRC8 (
  • tumor suppressor p53 (
  • nuclear factors of activated T cells, NFAT (
  • Sp1 transcription factor, SP1 (
  • c/EBPbeta (
  • SOX18 is a novel target gene regulated by EGR1 transcription factor, thus providing the first functional link between two transcription factors previously shown to be involved in the control of angiogenesis
  • snail homolog 1 (Drosophila), SNAI1
  • T-box 2, TBX2 (
  • PGF-induced EGR1 regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in endothelial cells
  • ARF1 (
  • nuclear import of EGR1 involves IPO7 and the novel nuclear localization signal serine-proline-serine
  • MAML1 acts cooperatively with EGR1 to activate EGR1-regulated promoters: implications for nephrogenesis and the development of renal cancer
  • induced the proliferation and migration of VSMCs as well as the upregulation of SPP1 via the upregulation of EGR1
  • KRT18 expression is directly regulated by EGR1, contributing to decrease malignancy of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)
  • nuclear protein localized primarily in nucleoli and Cajal bodies that was identified as a downstream target of the immediate early gene EGR1
  • EGR1 promotes APP synthesis via transcriptional activation of BACE1, suggesting that EGR1 plays role in activation of BACE1 and acceleration of APP synthesis in Alzheimer disease brain
  • roles of DUSP1 in cell proliferation and apoptosis were abolished by overexpression of EGR1
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by coactivated by CREBBP
    induced by growth factor and a wide variety of extracellular stimuli
    insulin
    repressed by oncogenic protein SS18-SSX, characteristic of synovial sarcoma, which directly participates in EGR1 repression
    Other mediating tissue factor (F3) gene expression in endothelial cells, induced by CD40L (TNFSF5)
    ultimate target,with JUN,of the activation of MAOB by a protein kinase C MAPK signal transduction pathway
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in prostate carcinoma
    tumoral       gain of function
    differentially up-regulated in germ cells teratomas
    constitutional somatic mutation      
    haploinsufficiency for EGR1 plays a role in leukemogenesis, and in the development of myeloid disorders characterized by abnormalities of chromosome 5
    constitutional     --over  
    in Alzheimer Disease brain, increased levels of EGR1 aberrantly activate an EGR1/CDK5/PP1 pathway, leading to accumulation of hyperphosphorylated MAPT, thus destabilizing the microtubule cytoskeleton
    constitutional     --over  
    of EGR1 and EGR2 controls natural killer T lineage differentiation in response to TCR signaling
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    diabetetype 2 
    new therapeutic target for increasing insulin sensitivity: inhibiting the function of EGR1
    cancerhemopathy 
    could be a source of novel targets for therapeutic intervention in lymphoid tumors in which MMP9 plays a critical role
    neurologyneurodegenerativealzheimer
    inhibition of EGR1 may be a therapeutic approach for AD
    bloodhemoglobin 
    new therapeutic target, for attenuation of elevated leukotriene levels in patients with sickle cell disease
    immunologyinflammatory 
    new therapeutic target, for attenuation of elevated leukotriene levels in patients with inflammatory diseases
    neurologyneurodegenerativealzheimer
    EGR1 is a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer disease
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • NGFI-A-deficient mice derived from embryonic stem cells demonstrated female infertility that was secondary to LH-beta deficiency (
  • repression of Egr-1 expression drastically inhibits UVB-mediated cell death (
  • Egr-1 knockout mice had longer eyes and a relative myopic shift in refraction, with additional minor effects on anterior chamber depth and corneal radius of curvature (
  • Egr1(+/-) and Egr1(-/-) mice treated with ENU developed immature T-cell lymphomas (CD4(+), CD8(+)) or a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by an elevated white blood cell count, anemia, and thrombocytopenia with ineffective erythropoiesis at increased rates and with shorter latencies than that of wild-type littermates (