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FLASH GENE
Symbol CCND2 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 29/09/2008
HGNC name cyclin D2
HGNC id 1583
Location 12p13.32      Physical location : 4.382.901 - 4.414.521
Synonym name G1/S-specific cyclin D2
Synonym symbol(s) VIN1, KIAK0002, MGC102758
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 31.58 kb     5 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
regulatory sequence Promoter
Binding site
text structure
  • three consensus ZKSCAN3 binding sites were found in the cyclin D2 promoter
    • MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
    Physical map
    FLJ11117 12p13.33 hypothetical protein FLJ11117 LOC283440 12p13.33 hypothetical LOC283440 LOC341511 12p13.33 similar to 60S ribosomal protein L23a FKBP4 12p13.33 FK506 binding protein 4, 59kDa MDS028 12p13.33 uncharacterized hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells protein MDS028 NRIP2 12p13.33 nuclear receptor interacting protein 2 FOXM1 12p13 forkhead box M1 MGC13204 12p13.33 hypothetical protein MGC13204 TULP3 12p13 tubby like protein 3 TEAD4 12p13.3-p13.2 TEA domain family member 4 LOC387825 12 similar to ribosomal protein L13a; 60S ribosomal protein L13a; 23 kD highly basic protein NET-5 12p13.33 transmembrane 4 superfamily member tetraspan NET-5 PP1057 12p13.3 hypothetical protein PP1057 LOC390280 12 similar to RIKEN cDNA 1110014F12 HRMT1L3 12p13.3 HMT1 hnRNP methyltransferase-like 3 (S. cerevisiae) MGC4266 12p13.33 hypothetical protein MGC4266 C12orf6 12p13.3 chromosome 12 open reading frame 6 LOC160382 12p13.32 similar to Heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein LOC390281 12 similar to ribosomal protein L18; 60S ribosomal protein L18 CCND2 12p13.32 cyclin D2 C12orf5 12p13.3 chromosome 12 open reading frame 5 FGF23 12p13.3 fibroblast growth factor 23 FGF6 12p13.32 fibroblast growth factor 6 C12orf4 12p13.3 chromosome 12 open reading frame 4 PIR51 12p13.2-p13.1 chromosome 12 open reading frame 4 DYRK4 12p13.3 dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 4 AKAP3 12p13 a kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 3 NDUFA9 12p13.3-p12 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 9, 39kDa GALNT8 12p13.3 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 8 (GalNAc-T8) KCNA6 12p13 potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related subfamily, member 6 KCNA1 12p13.32 potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related subfamily, member 1 (episodic ataxia with myokymia) LOC390282 12 similar to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit 5 (epsilon) KCNA5 12p13.32-p13.31 potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related subfamily, member 5 LOC387826 12 LOC387826 NTF3 12p13.31 neurotrophin 3 TMEM16B 12p13.3 transmembrane protein 16B VWF 12p13.1 von Willebrand factor
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    5 - 6480 33.1 289 - Porter (2008)
    EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart   highly
    Digestiveintestinelarge intestinecolon highly
    Endocrineadrenal gland   highly
     thyroid   highly
    Hearing/Equilibriumear   highly
    Urinarybladder   highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Muscularstriatumskeletal highly
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • cyclin family
  • cyclin D subfamily
    • CATEGORY regulatory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • regulator of progression through G1 phase during the cell cycle 2
  • involved in gonadal cell proliferation and oncogenesis
  • playing a crucial role in adipocyte differentiation by regulating mitotic clonal expansion
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by
  • overexpression of ZKSCAN3 (induced CCND2 promoter activity in a MAF/MAFB-independent manner, and to an extent that was influenced by the number of consensus ZKSCAN3 binding sites)
    • ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in astrocytomas and glioblastomas
    tumoral     --low  
    through high methylation levels in invasive prostatic carcinoma, correlating with clinicopathologic features of tumor aggressiveness
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS