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FLASH GENE
Symbol APOBEC3F contributors: mct - updated : 10-02-2016
HGNC name apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F
HGNC id 17356
EXPRESSION
Type widely
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveliver   highly
Endocrinepancreas   highly
 parathyroid   highly
Lymphoid/Immunelymph node   highly
 tonsils   highly
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Lymphoid/ImmuneT cell Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • N-terminal cytidine deaminase active site with an insert,
  • a linker region and a pseudoactive site
  • conserved zinc-binding ligands
  • an active-site glutamate required for proton shuttling
  • 2 aromatic residues required for RNA binding
  • C-terminal half is a duplication of the active site, insert, and linker region, with Vif-interacting domain, domain that interacts with the Vif DRMR region located between AAs 283 and 300 , and a cytidine deaminase motif, located in homologous N-terminal and C-terminal domains
  • dual conserved catalytic domains located in the N- and C-terminal regions termed CD1 and CD2, respectively
  • Glu324 is a surface AA within the alpha4 helix adjacent to AAs corresponding to other known Vif susceptibility determinants in APOBEC3G and APOBEC3H
  • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • cytidine deaminase family
  • CATEGORY RNA associated
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • functioning as antiretroviral DNA-editing enzyme
  • inhibiting replication of Vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
  • mediates intrinsic resistance of monocyte-derived dendritic cells to HIV-1 infection
  • APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F are potent inhibitors of retroviruses
  • restrict retroviral infection by deaminating cytosine residues in the first cDNA strand of a replicating virus
  • APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G inhibit HIV-1 DNA integration by different mechanisms
  • have strong antiviral activity and together with APOBEC3G, it is considered the most potent cytidine deaminase targeting HIV
  • potently restricts the infectivity of HIV-1 in the absence of the viral accessory protein virion infectivity factor (Vif)
  • APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G are the most potent inhibitors of HIV-1, but only in the absence of the virus-encoded protein, Vif
  • antiretroviral activity of cellular proteins APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G requires their inclusion within HIV-1 virions
  • APOBEC3F (A3F) and APOBEC3G (A3G) inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) replication
  • unlike APOBEC3G, signals in N- and C-terminal deaminase domains of APOBEC3F each contribute to virion encapsidation
  • APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G are host factors that incorporate into virions and restrict virus replication
  • catalytic activity of APOBEC3F is required for efficient restriction of Vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus
  • incorporation of APOBEC3F into virions is a prerequisite for exerting its antiviral function
  • APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G are two of the most potent A3 enzymes in humans with each having a different target DNA specificity: A3G prefers to deaminate cytosines preceded by a cytosine (5'-CC), whereas A3F preferentially targets cytosines preceded by a thymine (5'-TC)
  • APOBEC3 proteins function within the innate immune system by mutating DNA of viral genomes and retroelements to restrict infection and retrotransposition
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • Vif protein of lentiviruses (to induce its degradation by proteasomes)
  • conserved motif VxIPLx(4-5)LxPhix(2)YWxL motif in HIV-1 Vif required for APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F interaction and inhibition
  • HIV-1 Vif targets cellular antiviral APOBEC3F (A3F) enzyme for degradation
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS