motifs/domains
| N-terminal cytidine deaminase active site with an insert, |
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a linker region and a pseudoactive site |
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conserved zinc-binding ligands |
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an active-site glutamate required for proton shuttling |
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2 aromatic residues required for RNA binding |
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C-terminal half is a duplication of the active site, insert, and linker region, with Vif-interacting domain, domain that interacts with the Vif DRMR region located between AAs 283 and 300  , and a cytidine deaminase motif, located in homologous N-terminal and C-terminal domains |
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dual conserved catalytic domains located in the N- and C-terminal regions termed CD1 and CD2, respectively |
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Glu324 is a surface AA within the alpha4 helix adjacent to AAs corresponding to other known Vif susceptibility determinants in APOBEC3G and APOBEC3H |
| basic FUNCTION
| functioning as antiretroviral DNA-editing enzyme |
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inhibiting replication of Vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) |
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mediates intrinsic resistance of monocyte-derived dendritic cells to HIV-1 infection |
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APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F are potent inhibitors of retroviruses |
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restrict retroviral infection by deaminating cytosine residues in the first cDNA strand of a replicating virus |
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APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G inhibit HIV-1 DNA integration by different mechanisms |
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have strong antiviral activity and together with APOBEC3G, it is considered the most potent cytidine deaminase targeting HIV |
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potently restricts the infectivity of HIV-1 in the absence of the viral accessory protein virion infectivity factor (Vif) |
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APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G are the most potent inhibitors of HIV-1, but only in the absence of the virus-encoded protein, Vif |
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antiretroviral activity of cellular proteins APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G requires their inclusion within HIV-1 virions |
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APOBEC3F (A3F) and APOBEC3G (A3G) inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) replication |
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unlike APOBEC3G, signals in N- and C-terminal deaminase domains of APOBEC3F each contribute to virion encapsidation |
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APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G are host factors that incorporate into virions and restrict virus replication |
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catalytic activity of APOBEC3F is required for efficient restriction of Vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus |
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incorporation of APOBEC3F into virions is a prerequisite for exerting its antiviral function |
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APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G are two of the most potent A3 enzymes in humans with each having a different target DNA specificity: A3G prefers to deaminate cytosines preceded by a cytosine (5'-CC), whereas A3F preferentially targets cytosines preceded by a thymine (5'-TC) |
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APOBEC3 proteins function within the innate immune system by mutating DNA of viral genomes and retroelements to restrict infection and retrotransposition |
