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FLASH GENE
Symbol TAS1R3 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 25-04-2017
HGNC name taste receptor, type 1, member 3
HGNC id 15661
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
6 - 2559 - 852 - Chandrashekar (2006)
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularheart     Homo sapiens
Digestiveintestine     Homo sapiens
 liverportal space   
 mouthtongue   
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Connectiveadipose    Homo sapiens
Epithelialsensorygustatory  
Muscularstriatumskeletal   Homo sapiens
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Endocrineislet cell (alpha,beta...) Homo sapiens
Gustatoryclear receptor cell
Reproductivespermatozoa Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • seven trasmembrane segments (7TM)
  • a N terminal extracellular binding domain
  • conjugated GlycoP
    mono polymer homomer , heteromer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Tas1r3 (74.3pc)
    homolog to murine Tas1r3 (73.6pc)
    intraspecies paralog to TAS1R2
    paralog to TAS1R1
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • G-protein coupled receptor 3 family
  • taste receptor family
  • sweet receptor subfamily
  • CATEGORY receptor membrane G
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • being essential for the recognition and response to the disaccharide trehalose
  • having a role in glucose-mediated incretin release and may serve as the previously unknown gut lumen glucose sensor
  • required for the enhanced expression of SLC5A1 shown by enterocytes in response to luminal sugars or sweeteners
  • with TAS1R2, in addition to their role in taste perception, may also have a role in intrahepatic cholangiocytes (Toyono 2007)
  • with TAS1R1, believed to function in combination as a heteromeric glutamate taste receptor in humans (Chen 2009)
  • with TAS1R1, likely contributes to human umami taste perception (Chen 2009)
  • TAS1R2/TAS1R3 are involved in glucose-dependent secretion of satiation peptides
  • with TAS1R2, mediating sweet taste perception (Fushan 2009)
  • TAS1R1/TAS1R3 are a direct sensor of the fed state and amino acid availability
  • TAS1R1 receptor subunit acts as an umami taste receptor in combination with its partner, TAS1R3
  • effects of artificial sweeteners on adipose tissue biology may be largely independent of the classical sweet taste receptors, TAS1R2 and TAS1R3
  • functions as a cell-surface glucose-sensing receptor in pancreatic beta-cells
  • TAS1R2 and TAS1R3 are likely to have a novel membrane trafficking system
  • TAS1R2/TAS1R3 are expressed in taste bud cells in the oral cavity and involved in membrane glucose sensing in endocrine cells regulating glucose homeostasis
  • TAS1R3 receptor protein plays an important role in control of glucose homeostasis not only by regulating sugar intake but also via its extraoral function, probably in the pancreas and brain
  • TAS1R3 and its associated heterotrimeric GNAT3 are involved
  • in sweet and umami sensing in taste cells
    CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction , sensory transduction/taste
    sweet receptor
    a component
  • forming homodimers or heterodimers with TAS1R1 and TAS1R2
  • heterodimerization of TAS1R2 and TAS1R3 is required for the perception of sweet substances
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • L-amino acids "sweet" ligands
  • MYOD1 and MYOG might likely control skeletal muscle metabolism and homeostasis through the regulation of TAS1R3 promoter activity
  • cell & other
  • lactisole (sodium salt of 2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-propionic acid)
  • REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism other TAS1R1-TAS1R3 receptor variants found in human fungiform papillae might contribute to inter-individual differences of sensitivity to L-glutamate (Raliou 2009)
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • TAS1R3 and UCN2 in peripheral blood cells may be considered potential biomarkers of consumption of sugary and fatty food, respectively
  • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • T1r3 knockout mice have increased rate of autophagy in the heart, skeletal muscle and liver
  • fasted Tas1r3 (-/-) mice have increased autophagy in the heart, skeletal muscle and liver