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FLASH GENE
Symbol PPP1R9B contributors: mct/pgu - updated : 03-01-2012
HGNC name protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 9B, spinophilin
HGNC id 9298
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 16.78 kb     10 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
10 - 4071 89.2 817 - 2000 10922077
EXPRESSION
Type widely
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestivesalivary gland   highly
Nervousbrain   highly
Reproductivefemale systemuteruscervix highly
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Connectiveadipose  highly
Nervouscentral  highly
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Nervousneuron
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • properties expected of a scaffolding protein localized to the cell membrane and a single consensus sequence in PSD95/DLG/ZO-1
  • a PDZ domain
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to C.elegans TO9A5.9
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY chaperone/stress , regulatory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane,junction,adherens
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm
    text dendritic spines
    basic FUNCTION
  • modulating both glutamatergic synaptic transmission and dendritic morphology
  • modulating PP1 enzymatic activity
  • enhancing DCX binding to F-actin
  • may be acting as a scaffold protein in multiple signaling pathways
  • PPP1R19A, and PPP1R19B reciprocally regulate Ca(2+) signaling by GPCRs
  • may play an important role in linking the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane at the synaptic junction
  • may play analogous roles in information transfer at both neuronal and immunological synapses.
  • dendritic spine-enriched scaffold protein, modulating synaptic transmission via multiple functions mediated by distinct domains of the protein
  • key modulator of opiate action
  • potent physiological role in regulating OPRM1 function
  • required for synapse formation in the NK cells, suggesting that it may be involved in the maintenance of cellular architecture by regulation of actin assembly
  • regulates actin cytoskeletal organization and is required for hepatocyte growth factor-induced cell migration, in cooperation with SPATA13 and APC
  • its expression could enhance the regulatory function of RGS8 on the CHRM3, but the acceleration function of RGS8 on the M2-mediated signaling could not be enhanced by PPP1R9B
  • BAIAP2 and PPP1R9B regulate localized RAC1 activation by TIAM1
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit
  • PPP1R9B/PPP1R9A forms a functional pair of opposing regulators that modulates Ca(2+) signaling intensity by GPCRs by determining the extent of inhibition by the R4 family of RGS proteins
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • actin, PP1, ARF (CDKN2A), playing a role in cell growth
  • binds to actin filaments (f-actin) and shows cross-linking activity
  • at the cellular level, spinophilin associates with OPRM1 in striatum and modulates OPRM1 signaling and endocytosis
  • binds along the sides of the f-actin
  • interacting with SPATA13
  • PPP1R9B is a RGS8-interacting protein (CHRM1 and PPP1R9B compete for binding to RGS8)
  • two TIAM1-interacting proteins in fibroblasts, insulin receptor substrate protein 53 kDa (BAIAP2) and PPP1R98B
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --low  
    combined loss of PPP1R9B and mutant TP53 activity led to increased mammary carcinomas
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    psychiatry  
    potential new target for the treatment of opiate addiction
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
    spinophilin knockout mice