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FLASH GENE
Symbol NEU3 contributors: mct/pgu - updated : 24-06-2015
HGNC name sialidase 3 (membrane sialidase)
HGNC id 7760
Location 11q13.4      Physical location : 74.699.949 - 74.718.741
Synonym name
  • N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminidase 3
  • ganglioside sialidase
  • neuraminidase 3
  • Synonym symbol(s) SIAL3, FLJ12388
    EC.number 3.2.1.18
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 18.80 kb     3 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked   status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    3 - 2748 - 461 - 2002 12011038
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Lymphoid/Immunethymus    
    Reproductivefemale systembreastmammary gland  
     male systemtestis  highly Homo sapiens
    Respiratorylungalveolar duct    Homo sapiens
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow   
    Muscularstriatumskeletal  
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Respiratoryepithelial cell Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a putative transmembrane helix
  • the F/YRTP motif in N terminal region conserved in all sialidases
  • three Asp boxes (S-X-D-X-G-X-X-T/W)
  • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • glycosyl hydrolase 33 family, neuraminidases family
  • CATEGORY enzyme , regulatory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,nucleus
    intracellular,nuclear envelope,int
    text
  • cholesterol and lipid enriched microdomain lipid rafts
  • besides its localization at the plasma membrane, is present in intracellular structures at least partially represented by a subset of the endosomal compartment
  • detected both in the cytosol and nucleus
  • located in the inner membrane of nuclear envelope
  • NEU1 and NEU3 are present on erythrocyte plasma membrane
  • basic FUNCTION
  • key enzyme for ganglioside degradation, hydrolyzing gangliosides
  • functions as a caveolin-related signaling molecule within caveolin-rich microdomains
  • hving a critical regulatory function on the sialoglycosphingolipid pattern of the cell membrane, with an anti-apoptotic function, especially in cancer cells
  • able to mobilize to membrane ruffles in response to growth stimuli and activate the RAC1 signaling by co-localization with RAC1, leading to increased cell motility
  • differentially regulates integrin-mediated cell proliferation through laminin- and fibronectin-derived signaling
  • modulates cell-surface biological events and plays a pivotal role in different cellular processes, including cell adhesion, recognition and differentiation
  • modulates the ganglioside content of adjacent cells with special regard to GM3 concentration, thus governing the cell-to-cell signaling program required for skeletal muscle differentiation
  • key enzyme for the extralysosomal catabolism of gangliosides
  • membrane-associated enzyme that cleaves glycolipid substrates
  • NEU1 restrains endothelial cell migration, whereas NEU3 does not
  • physiological role in protecting cells from hypoxic stress, suggesting potential new directions in the development of therapeutic strategies against ischemic diseases, particularly of the cerebro-cardiovascular system
  • besides the already reported indirect EGFR activation through GM3, sialidase NEU3 could also play a role on EGFR activation through its desialylation
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, differentiation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism carbohydrate
    signaling signal transduction
    transmembrane signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • enriched in caveolae microdomains and closely associates with caveolin like other caveolin-binding signaling molecules
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in cancers, leading to apoptosis suppression
    tumoral     --over  
    in colon cancer (epithelial cells), resulting in inhibition of apoptosis accompanied by increased BCL2 and decreased caspase expression
    tumoral     --over  
    in many types of cancers including colon and renal carcinomas and suppresses apoptosis of cancer cells
    constitutional     --over  
    significantly enhances cell resistance to hypoxia, whereas stable silencing of the enzyme renders cells more susceptible to apoptosis
    constitutional     --low  
    in sperm of some male idiopathic infertility cases
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
  • could represent a new potent biomarker in childhood ALL, to assess the efficacy of therapeutic protocols and to rapidly identify an eventual relapse
  • Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancer  
    siRNAs targeting this protein could have utility for gene-based therapy of cancer
    cancer  
    may be a potential target for cancer diagnosis and therapy
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS