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FLASH GENE

Symbol

KLK2

contributors: mct/npt - updated : 16-04-2020

HGNC name	kallikrein-related peptidase 2
HGNC id	6363

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
SPECIAL FEATURE	component of a cluster
text	tightly clustered multigene family on chromosome 19q13.4
STRUCTURE	7.13 kb     5 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

regulatory sequence	Promoter
	Binding site   HRE
text structure	androgen response elements in the promoter and enhancer of KLK2 , interacting with the androgen receptor (Lawrence 2010)

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

confirmed

Map

see KLK1

regionally located

clustered with kallikrein gene family

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_001002231 5 - 2892 NP_001002231 - 223 - 2002 11834722 NM_005551 5 - 2855 NP_005542 - 261 - 2002 11834722 NM_001256080 4 - 2695 NP_001243009 - 159 may be expressed in the secretory epithelial cells of the prostate 2002 11834722 also called K-LM hK2-linked molecule (K-LM), sharing only the signal peptide with the original protein product of the respective gene

EXPRESSION

Type

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Reproductive male system testis         male system prostate       Homo sapiens

cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion	secreted into prostatic fluid, a major component of seminal fluid

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

serine protease with three alternatively spliced isoforms

conjugated

GlycoP

HOMOLOGY

intraspecies

homolog to KLK3

Homologene

FAMILY	kallikrein family
	peptidase S1 family

CATEGORY

enzyme

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,granule

basic FUNCTION	playing a role in prostate cancer susceptibility and this role may be realized at least in part by the induction of increases in its production (Nam 2006)
	highly prostate-specific serine protease, which is mainly excreted into the seminal fluid (Pakkala 2007)
	may mediate tumor growth and invasion by participating in proteolytic cascades (Koistinen 2008)
	direct transcriptional target (Lawrence 2010)
	KLK2 is a key serine protease in semen liquefaction and prostate cancer together with KLK3/prostate-specific antigen
	alternative protein cleavage and glycosylation of KLK2 may correlate with the disease state, suggesting that KLK2 monitoring may increase the sensitivity and specificity of prostate cancer markers
	KLK3, KLK4, KLK11, and KLK2, belong to the prostatic group of the KLKs, whose major physiological function is semen liquefaction during the fertilization process

CELLULAR PROCESS

protein, degradation

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

complexing with protease inhibitor 6 in prostate cancer tissue

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	KLK2 may cooperate with the AR coregulator,NCOA4, to enhance AR transactivation that may result in alteration of Prostate cancer formation
	most likely it activates and complements chymotryptic KLK3 (prostate-specific antigen) in cleaving seminal clotting proteins, resulting in sperm liquefaction

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function tumoral fusion       Fusion of KLK2 to ETV4 in prostate cancer results in the generation of an additional ETV4 exon, denoted exon 4a (Hermans 2008) tumoral     --over   in prostate cancer (Koistinen 2008) tumoral fusion       KLK2-FGFR2 fusion gene in metastatic prostate cancer

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene	produced and secreted in the prostate and have important applications in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (David 2002)
	potential target for tumor imaging and treatment in prostate cancer cells (Koistinen 2008)
Marker	biomarker potential for chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS