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FLASH GENE
Symbol KCNJ11 contributors: mct/shn - updated : 24-08-2016
HGNC name potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11
HGNC id 6257
Corresponding disease
HHF1 hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 1
HHF2 hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 2
MODY13 maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type 13
NIDDM15 diabetes mellitus, non insulin-dependent, 15
PNDM3 permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus 3
Location 11p15.1      Physical location : 17.406.797 - 17.410.878
Synonym name
  • ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11
  • beta-cell inward rectifier subunit
  • inward rectifier K(+) channel Kir6.2
  • inwardly rectifying potassium channel KIR6.2
  • potassium channel inwardly rectifing subfamily J member 11
  • potassium channel, inwardly rectifying subfamily J member 11
  • Synonym symbol(s) BIR, JRKK, KIR6.2, PHHI, IKATP, HHF2, MGC133230, TNDM3
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 4.08 kb     2 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    text structure upstream region contains an Alu repeat (over 900 bp of KCNJ11 5' sequence are required for similar high level expression, and deletion of the Alu repeat results in an increase in promoter activity) (Ashfield 1998)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    Map pter - D11S1981 - D11S921 - KCNJ11 - D11S902 - D11S4138 - cen
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    1 - 3418 43.39 390 - 1998
    9703328
    2 - 2763 - 303 - -
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveintestinesmall intestine   
    Endocrinepancreas    
     thyroid    
    Visualeye    
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Epithelialsecretoryglandularendocrine 
    Muscularstriatumcardiac  
    Muscularstriatumskeletal  
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Endocrineislet cell (alpha,beta...)
    Nervousneuron
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • two membrane-spanning domains
  • an amphipatic region pore, including the P domain with the K+ channel signature
  • an ATP-binding regulatory domain
  • mono polymer homomer , tetramer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to KCNJ11, Pan troglodytes
    ortholog to Kcnj11, Rattus norvegicus
    ortholog to Kcnj11, Mus musculus
    ortholog to kcnj11, Danio rerio
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • potassium channel subfamily J
  • CATEGORY transport channel
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    basic FUNCTION
  • having inward rectifier potassium channel activity
  • inhibiting, by the binding to adenine nucleotides, which closes the channel, the ATP sensitive Katp channel
  • ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channels, comprised of pore-forming KCNJ11 and regulatory ABCC8 subunits, play a critical role in regulating insulin secretion
  • might play a significant role in beta cell survival in addition to its role in the regulation of insulin secretion
  • plays a role in the pathogenesis of decreased insulin sensitivity in essential hypertension patients
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • constituent with SUR1 of an ATP dependent potassium channel(Katp)
  • stoichiometric association in a complex of 4 (KCNJ11) (ABCC8)
  • component of ATP sensitive K+ channels
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • sulfonylurea receptor 2A, SUR2A
  • he two intracellular domains of Kir6.2 physically interact with each other
  • Kir 6.1 to produce functional channels
  • interacting with ANK2 (ANK2 has multiple roles in the active trafficking of KCNJ11 to the plasma membrane, as well as key roles in the retention and stabilization of KCNJ11 in relation to the plasma membrane and cytoskeleton)
  • ABCC8 controls KCNJ11 gating by modulating KCNJ11 interactions with INPP5J
  • slide helix elements that are required for functional channel expression and control of KCNJ11 gating by intracellular ATP
  • SPTBN4–targeted CAMK2A directly phosphorylates the inwardly-rectifying potassium channel, KCNJ11
  • SPTBN4 is required for CAMK2D, ANK2, KCNJ11, and ABCC8 expression in beta cells
  • KCNJ11 acts as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) though forming a complex with LDHA
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) HHF2 , NIDDM15 , PNDM3 , HHF1 , MODY13
    Susceptibility to type 2 diabetes with weight gain and obesity
    Variant & Polymorphism other E23K polymorphism enhancing susceptibility to type 2 diabetes, and to gestational diabetes mellitus
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • mice expressing a dominant-negative form of the KATP channel subunit Kir6. 2 develop hypoglycemia with hyperinsulinemia in neonates and hyperglycemia with hypoinsulinemia and decreased beta cell population in adults
  • transgenic mice expressing beta cell K(ATP) channels with reduced ATP sensitivity develop severe hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, and ketoacidosis and die within 5 days
  • mice lacking the Kir6.2 subunit of K(ATP) channels are susceptible to generalized seizures after brief hypoxia
  • mouse expressing a Kir6.2 mutation (V59M) specifically in pancreatic beta cells develop severe diabetes soon after birth and display a reduced percentage of beta cells with abnormal morphology and lower insulin content
  • mice carrying a human Kir6.2 mutation (Val59-->Met59) targeted to either muscle or nerve display motor impairments originate in the central nervous system rather than in muscle or peripheral nerves