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FLASH GENE
Symbol FFAR3 contributors: mct - updated : 14-06-2018
HGNC name free fatty acid receptor 3
HGNC id 4499
Location 19q13.1      Physical location : 35.849.487 - 35.851.387
Synonym name
  • G protein-coupled receptor 41
  • Synonym symbol(s) GPR41, FFA3R, GPR42
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    SPECIAL FEATURE component of a cluster
    text
  • component of a cluster with four GPCRs genes
  • STRUCTURE 1.90 kb     2 Exon(s)
    text structure
  • intronless gene
  • is transcribed from the promoter of the FFAR1 gene
  • translation of FFAR3 is mediated by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) located in the intergenic region
  • MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    regionally located . tightly linked to CD22
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    2 - 1709 - 346 - 2003 12711604
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveintestinesmall intestine  moderately Homo sapiens
    Endocrinepancreas     Homo sapiens
    Nervousgangliaautonomic gangliasympathetic highly Homo sapiens
    Reproductivefemale systemovary  moderately
    Urinarykidneytubuleconvoluted tubuledistal tubule  Homo sapiens
     kidneytubulecollecting duct   Homo sapiens
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Connectiveadipose  predominantly Homo sapiens
    Nervousperipherous    Homo sapiens
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveenterocyte Homo sapiens
    Endocrineislet cell (alpha,beta...) Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • seven transmembrane segments (7TM)
  • a glycosylation site
  • a PKC phosphorylation site
  • two PKA/PKC phoshporylation sites
  • a palmitoylation site
  • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Gpr41 (75.8 pc)
    homolog to murine Gpr41 (76.9 pc)
    intraspecies homolog to GPR43
    Homologene
    FAMILY G protein coupled receptor family
    CATEGORY receptor membrane G
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • acting as an orphan receptor involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
  • having purinergic nucleotide receptor activity
  • inducing apoptosis via TP53/Bax pathway in an ischemia/reperfusion paradigm
  • acting as a receptor for short chain fatty acids through a G(i)- protein-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and elevation of intracellular calcium
  • acting as a rhodopsin-like receptor
  • mediate short-chain fatty acids signaling in mammary epithelial cells and thereby play an important role in their stress management
  • potential regulator of host energy balance through effects that are dependent upon the gut microbiota
  • its expression in colonic mucosa may function as a sensor for luminal short-chain fatty acids
  • G protein-coupled receptor activated by short chain carboxylic acids
  • might play an important role in sympathetic ganglia
  • associated with histone acetylation and might be involved in the acetylation-related regulation of cell processes including proliferation, apoptosis, and the cell cycle
  • its expression is mediated via an internal ribosome entry site located in the intergenic region of a bicistronic mRNA
  • beta cell-specific expression of the FFAR3 gene is controlled by an unusual mechanism that involves control at both the level of transcription and translation
  • play important roles not only as essential nutritional components but also as signaling molecules in numerous physiological processes
  • is involved in SCFA-dependent energy regulation, and in host energy regulation
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, cell death/apoptosis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • short-chain fatty acids–FFAR3 interactions that regulate sympathetic nervous system could represent a central mechanism to account for the effects of diet, prebiotics, and probiotics on body homeostasis
  • FFAR3 and its ligands, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) may play an important role in the fine-tuning of insulin secretion in fed and fasting states
  • RGS4 appears essential for propionate/FFAR3 signaling attenuation in both cardiomyocytes and sympathetic neurons, leading to cardioprotection against inflammation/adverse remodeling and to sympatholysis, respectively
  • cell & other
  • binding to C2-C6 short chain fatty acids ligand
  • REGULATION
    activated by short chain fatty acids to stimulate leptin production in adipocytes
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --other  
    significant lower methylation in obese and type 2 diabetics with an increase in obese patients over the intervention period
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS