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Symbol BTK contributors: mct/pgu - updated : 08-06-2017
HGNC name Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase
HGNC id 1133
Corresponding disease
AGMX1 agammaglobulinemia 1, Bruton type
IGHD3 agammaglobulinemia and isolated growth hormone deficiency
Location Xq22.1      Physical location : 100.604.434 - 100.641.212
Synonym name
  • B cell progenitor tyrosine kinase
  • dominant-negative kinase-deficient Brutons tyrosine kinase
  • tyrosine-protein kinase BTK
  • Synonym symbol(s) ATK, BPK, SRCR, IMD1, XLA, PSCTK1, MGC126261, MGC126262
    EC.number 2.7.10.2
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 41.35 kb     19 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    19 - 2611 - 659 - 2001 11226282
    19 - 2767 - 693 - 2001 11226282
    17 - 2248 - 483 - 2001 11226282
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Lymphoid/Immunelymph node   highly
     spleen   highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Lymphoid    
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticmature hematopoietic Homo sapiens
    Blood/Hematopoieticprogenitor cell Homo sapiens
    Lymphoid/Immunelymphocyte
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion blood
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, which is responsible for plasma membrane targeting
  • adjacent Tec homology domains in addition to the Src homology domains SH3, SH2, SH1 (SRC family, Tec subfamily)
  • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • protein kinase superfamily
  • Tec family of protein tyrosine kinases
  • TEC subfamily
  • SRC family
  • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,vesicle
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • is a nucleocytoplasmic protein
  • basic FUNCTION
  • non receptor tyrosine kinase
  • coupling activated immunoreceptors to downstream signaling events
  • playing crucial roles in the differentiation and activation of B and myeloid cells
  • having negative regulatory functions in dendritic cells, mediated mainly through autocrine secretion of IL10 and subsequent activation of STAT3
  • required for NFkappaB activation, participating in the pathway to increased phosphorylation of RELA on serine 536 activated by TLR8 and TLR9
  • is required for the initial loss of tolerance to DNA and the subsequent production of pathogenic autoantibodies once tolerance is breached
  • plays a central role in signal transduction pathways regulating survival, activation, proliferation, and differentiation of B-lineage lymphoid cells
  • BTK signaling is crucial for optimal actin cytoskeletal organization and lacunar resorption in isolated osteoclasts
  • essential for B cell development and function and also appears to be important for myeloid cells
  • important regulator of neutrophilic granulocyte maturation and function
  • positive regulator in the ITAM-mediated TREM1/TYROBP pathway, suggesting its implication in inflammatory processes
  • is essential for B-lymphocyte development
  • is not only critical for B cell development and differentiation but is also involved in the regulation of Toll-like receptor-triggered innate response of macrophages
  • is required for activation of NK cells, thus providing insight into the physiological significance of BTK in the regulation of immune cell functions and innate inflammatory response
  • BTK-induced activating phosphorylation is critical for the optimal transcription factor function of IKZF1 (
  • BTK regulates dendritic cell responses upon TLR9 engagement in terms of activation, cytokine production, and STAT1/3 upregulation
  • not only plays a fundamental role in the regulation of BCR signalling, but may also mediate crosstalk with cytokine signalling pathways through regulation of IL21-induced phosphorylation of STAT1 in the nuclei of human B cells
  • BTK is an essential component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, in which BTK physically interacts with ASC and NLRP3
  • mediates B cell signaling and is also present in innate immune cells but not T cells
  • contributions of BTK to immune tolerance
  • is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase with a fundamental role in B-lymphocyte development and activation
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS development
    text B cell ontogeny
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component BTK PH domain forms a homodimer and each molecule binds phosphatidylinositol in the binding pocket
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • directly interacts with a nuclear component of Wnt-beta-catenin signaling, CDC73
  • ARID3A transiently interacts with sumoylation enzymes, blocks calcium flux and phosphorylation of BTK and GTF2II and is then discharged from lipid rafts as a Sumo-I-modified form
  • KAT2A binds to the 5prime proximal regions of SYK and BTK genes, suggesting that gene expressions of SYK and BTK are regulated by KAT2A
  • ANKRD54 is the first protein identified that specifically influences the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of BTK and TXK and belongs to a rare group of known proteins carrying out this activity in a CRM1-dependent manner
  • BTK is a partner and posttranslational regulator of IKAROS, a zinc finger-containing DNA-binding protein that plays a pivotal role in immune homeostasis
  • BTK is an important player for TLR9 but not TLR7 signaling in human Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs)
  • BTK was involved in close contact with Tyr86 and Tyr106 of MAL whereas PKRKCD may phosphorylate Tyr106 only
  • BTK physically interacts with PYCARD and NLRP3, and is essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation
  • nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of BTK is specifically modulated by the Ankyrin Repeat Domain 54 (ANKRD54) protein and the interaction is known to be exclusively SH3-dependent
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by LYN (partly),SYK (modulated by BLNK)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) AGMX1 , IGHD3
    related resource Bruton Agammaglobulinemia - BTK base
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • represents a useful marker to identify B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas
  • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerhemopathy 
    promising therapeutic target for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is effectively targeted by PCI-32765
    cardiovascularatheroma 
    could be a potent therapeutic target in ischaemic stroke
    cancerhemopathy 
    is a therapeutic target in acute myeloid leukemia
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS