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FLASH GENE
Symbol PTPRC contributors: mct - updated : 12-01-2016
HGNC name protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C
HGNC id 9666
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • variable N terminal region
  • a cysteine-rich region
  • a single transmembrane-spanning region
  • a large cytoplasmic domain conserved between species
  • two fibronectin type 3 domain
  • two protein tyrosine phosphatase domains
    • conjugated GlycoP , PhosphoP
    mono polymer homomer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Ptprc
    intraspecies homolog to LY5
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • protein tyrosine phosphatase family
    • CATEGORY antigen , receptor membrane serine/threonine tyrosine kinase
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • key regulator of Src kinases required for T an B cells antigen receptor signal transduction
  • JAK phosphatase, negative regulator of cytokine receptor signaling
  • essential for normal T-lymphocyte function, maturation and differentation
  • inhibiting PLD2
  • negatively regulates JAK family kinases downstream of cytokine receptors
  • tumor suppressor role for CD45 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  • is a receptor-like tyrosine phosphatase that positively regulates BCR signaling by dephosphorylating the inhibitory tyrosine of the Src family kinases
  • PTPRC and PTPRJ are transmembrane tyrosine phosphatases with large ectodomains that have activatory and inhibitory effects on TCR triggering
  • PTPRC-mediated T cell function as potentially critical for infection and viral spread to the brain, and also for subsequent Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) development
  • leukocyte-specific tyrosine phosphatase, that severely impacts T cell development and activation by modulating TCR signaling
  • novel role for PTPRC on innate immune cells in promoting lymphopenia-induced T cell proliferation, suggesting that innate immune cells may communicate with stromal cells to regulate IL7 production
  • T cell receptor (TCR) phosphorylation requires the kinase LCK and phosphatase PTPRC
  • phosphatase PTPRC both positively and negatively regulates T cell receptor phosphorylation in reconstituted membrane protein clusters
  • positively regulates chemoattractant signaling acting on Src family kinases (SFKs) activity
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component
  • isoform 4 forms homodimer, resulting in decreased signaling via the T cell receptor
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • HNRNPLL is a critical inducible regulator of PTPRC alternative splicing
  • functions to regulate PTK2/FAK activity, likely through the activity of Src family kinases, which in turn regulates the levels of paxillin to modulate macrophage adhesion and migration
  • spatial regulation of LCK by PTPRC and GM1 ganglioside determines the outcome of apoptotic response to LGALS1 and this local regulation may occur only upon intimate effector (LGALS1 expressing) cell-T-cell attachment
  • SLC39A10 likely functions as a positive regulator of PTPRC to modulate the BCR signal strength, thereby setting a threshold for BCR signaling in humoral immune responses
  • loss of function in SLAMF7 observed in PTPRC-deficient NK cells
  • in T-cells, cholesterol-dependent membrane domains function in the regulation of the Src family kinase LCK by sequestering LCK from its activator PTPRC
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other regulated by HNRNPLL, a critical inducible regulator of CD45 alternative splicing
    cleaved by serine/metalloproteinases and gamma-secretases during activation of monocytes and granulocytes and the intracellular fragment can function as inhibitory messenger for T cells
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) SCIDNK
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional somatic mutation      
    abnormal splicing in hemophagocytic lymphohitiocytosis in association with perforin mutation
    tumoral somatic mutation     gain of function
    in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    Susceptibility
  • to multiple sclerosis
  • to Graves disease or hepatitis B infection
  • to severe outcome in hepatitis C
    • Variant & Polymorphism SNP
  • 138 G allele protecting against Graves disease or hepatitis B infection
  • allele C77G associated to severe outcome in hepatitis C
  • a SNP is associated with the response to anti-TNF therapy and an rheumatoid arthritis risk allele
    • Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerhemopathy 
    antigenic marker with which to identify undifferentiated hematopoietic tumors
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • bone marrow derived macrophages from Ptprc-deficient mice exhibit abnormal cell morphology and defective motility