Selected-GenAtlas references SOURCE GeneCards NCBI Gene Swiss-Prot Ensembl
HGNC UniGene Nucleotide OMIM UCSC
Home Page
FLASH GENE
Symbol DLX2 contributors: mct - updated : 03-06-2018
HGNC name distal-less homeobox 2
HGNC id 2915
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • helix-turn-helix, DNA binding domain
  • a homeobox related to Distal-less (Dll) of drosophila
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to Drosophila distal less Dlx2
    ortholog to murine Dlx2
    homolog to C.elegans Y113G7A.6B
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • distal-less homeobox family
  • CATEGORY transcription factor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • playing a role in forebrain and craniofacial development
  • playing a role during retinal cell differentiation and survival
  • in hippocampal precursors DLX2 promoted neurogenesis but not neural stem cell activation
  • is one critical player in shifting TGFB from its tumour suppressive to its tumour-promoting functions
  • may be involved in tumor progression via the regulation of metabolic stress-induced necrosis
  • plays crucial roles in the development of the cranial neural crest stem cells derived craniofacial skeleton
  • HELT and DLX2 are key transcription factors that are sufficient to direct neuronal progenitors along a specific differentiation pathway at the expense of alternative lineage choices
  • DLX1/DLX2 homeobox genes regulate GABA synthesis during forebrain development through direct activation of glutamic acid decarboxylase enzyme isoforms that convert glutamate to GABA
  • DLX1 and DLX2 promote interneuron GABA synthesis, synaptogenesis, and dendritogenesis
  • CELLULAR PROCESS nucleotide, transcription, regulation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS development
    text forebrain and craniofacial development
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA binding
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • binding to BMP2 for the signaling to the COL2A1 in chondroblasts
  • binds to a specific region of the NTRK2 promoter in retinal neuroepithelium during embryogenesis (directly binds and activates transcription of a NTRK2 regulatory element)
  • DLX2 and EGFR signalling interact at multiple levels to coordinate proliferation in the postnatal subventricular zone
  • OLIG1 is an essential repressor of DLX1/DLX2 and interneuron production in developing mammalian brain
  • DLX2 expression reduces the protein components of the TTI1/TTI2/TELO2 complex, a key complex required for the proper folding and stabilization of ATM and other members of the PIKK (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase) family kinase
  • bone morphogenetic protein signaling mediated by ACVR1 and DLX2 regulates apoptosis in glioma-initiating cells
  • DLX1 and DLX2 were reduced after SMG6 deletion
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by PITX2 (for early tooth development)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) DEL2Q31
    Susceptibility to autism spectrum disorders
    Variant & Polymorphism SNP increasing the risk of autism spectrum disorders
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS