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FLASH GENE

Symbol

CYCS

contributors: mct/npt - updated : 23-05-2008

HGNC name	cytochrome c, somatic
HGNC id	19986

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

constitutive of

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Cardiovascular heart         Digestive salivary gland       highly Nervous brain         Reproductive male system testis       Skin/Tegument skin         Urinary bladder       highly   kidney       highly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood / hematopoietic bone marrow     highly Muscular         Nervous peripherous

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

cytochrome c class I motif

conjugated

HemoP

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	ortholog to murine Cycs
	ortholog to rattus cycs

intraspecies

paralog to CYCSP45, CYCSP3, CYCSP7, CYCSP39, CYCSP512

Homologene

FAMILY

cytochrome c family

CATEGORY

enzyme , transport

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,interspace
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,matrix
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
	intracellular,nucleus

basic FUNCTION	accepts electrons from cytochrome b and transfers them to cytochrome oxidase
	involved in initiation of nuclear apoptosis via its release to the cytoplasm
	multifunctional protein with roles in electron transport, antioxidant defenses and apoptosis

CELLULAR PROCESS	cell life, cell death/apoptosis

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

electron transport

PATHWAY

metabolism

energetic

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule	metal binding,
	Fe3+

protein	binding to APAF1 and leading to apoptosis (mediates apoptosis by interacting with monomeric APAF1, triggering a conformational change that enables apoptosome formation and caspase activation)
	binding to IPTR1 during apoptosis

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

THC4

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

murine embryonic stem cells with a targeted disruption of the cytochrome c gene died in utero and cells lacking cytochrome c are resistant to the proapoptotic effects of UV irradiation (Li et al. 2000)