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FLASH GENE
Symbol GABARAP contributors: mct - updated : 28-03-2020
HGNC name GABA(A) receptor-associated protein
HGNC id 4067
Corresponding disease
DEL17P131 chromosome 17p13.1 microdeletion
Location 17p13.1      Physical location : 7.143.739 - 7.145.753
Synonym name gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein
Synonym symbol(s) MM46, GEF2, FLJ25768, MGC120154, MGC120155, FLC3B, ATG8A
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 2.02 kb     4 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
4 - 924 - 117 - 2009 19154346
EXPRESSION
Type ubiquitous
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularheart   highly
Endocrineneuroendocrinepituitary  highly Homo sapiens
 pancreas   highly Homo sapiens
 thyroid   highly Homo sapiens
Nervousbrainlimbic systemhippocampus   Homo sapiens
 brainhindbraincerebellum   Homo sapiens
Reproductivemale systemprostate  highly
Respiratorylung    
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Blood / Hematopoieticbone marrow   
Connectivebone   
Muscularstriatumskeletal  
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Nervousmitral cell
Nervousneuron Homo sapiens
NervousPurkinje cell Homo sapiens
Nervouspyramidal cell Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period pregnancy
Text placenta
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • putative tubulin binding motif
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Gabarap (100.00pc)
    ortholog to yeast Atg8
    homolog to rattus Gabarap (100.00pc)
    intraspecies homolog to GABARAPL1
    homolog to microtubule associated proteins 1A and 1B
    homolog to ganglioside expression factor homolog 2
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • MAP1LC3 family
  • ATG8 family LC3/GABARAP proteins
  • CATEGORY receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,lysosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,vesicle
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule
    text
  • perinuclear vesicles
  • ULK1 and the GABARAP proteins co-localized to many kind of neurons such as pyramidal cells of the hippocampus, mitral cells of the olfactory bulb, and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum
  • colocalizes with microtubules
  • is enriched in the axonal initial segments (AIS, in addition to the cell bodies and dendrites, of these hippocampal pyramidal neurons and cerebellar Purkinje cells
  • GABARAP is on the pericentriolar matrix
  • basic FUNCTION
  • acting as a neurotransmitter receptor by mediating interactions with the cytoskeleton
  • may play a role in intracellular transport of GABA(A)receptors and its interaction with the cytoskeleton
  • ligand-gated chloride channel mediating inhibitory neurotransmission
  • involved in intracellular trafficking of the GABA(A) receptor, as a binding partner for AGTR1A
  • GABARAP/GABARAPL2 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation
  • MAP1LC3A and MAP1LC3B and GABARAPs are essential for autophagosome formation and therefore suggest a dual role for individual members of this protein family
  • important role of ATG8 homologues may be to act as a scaffold for the assembly of autophagy complexes
  • functions in the immune system, and is involved in mitochondrial quality control in macrophages, thus influencing NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent inflammatory response
  • PLCL1 and GABARAP function in a complex to regulate KIF5B-mediated insulin secretion, providing new insights into insulin exocytic mechanisms
  • macroautophagic sequestration did not require the MAP1LC3 subfamily, but, intriguingly, GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 are essential
  • GABARAP is on the pericentriolar matrix, and this dynamic pool contributes to autophagosome formation
  • unique non-hierarchical role for GABARAP in starvation-induced activation of autophagy
  • potential involvement of GABARAP in tumorigenesis by delaying cell death and its associated immune-related response
  • MAP1LC3B, GABARAPL2 and GABARAP might play specific roles in different autophagic processes
  • GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2, MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, are not essential for autophagosome formation but are critical for autophagosome-lysosome fusion
  • essential for the formation of autophagosomes during macroautophagy/autophagy, and the sequestration of cargo during selective autophagy
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • GABARAP/GABARAPL2 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • binding GABA-A receptor gamma 2 subunit and linking the receptors to the cytoskeleton
  • TFRC
  • interacts with GPHN and NSF
  • interacts with beta-tubulin and ULK1 (important to vesicle transport and axonal elongation in mammalian neurons)
  • interaction between RAB24 and two proteins, cyclophilin A (PPIA) and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor-associated protein (GABARAP) (Pubmed 16596256)
  • binds to and promotes trafficking of the AGTR1A to the plasma membrane
  • binding to BNIP3L
  • binding to CALR
  • binding to CLTC
  • MAP1LC3B, GABARAP and GABARAPL1 are novel interactors of MAPK15, a MAP kinase involved in cell proliferation and transformation
  • ULK1 interacted most strongly with GABARAP and GABARAPL1, but it also interacted with GABARAPL2, MAP1LC3A, and MAP1LC3C
  • presence of an acidic residue adjacent to the core motif is crucial for the ability of ULK1 and ATG13 to interact with GABARAP
  • BCL2 directly binds to the phagophore-associated protein GABARAP
  • FLCN-GABARAP association is modulated by the presence of either folliculin-interacting protein FNIP1 or FNIP2 and further regulated by ULK1
  • MUL1 is involved in multiple biological pathways, and the interaction of GABARAP with MUL1-UBE2E3 supports the role of MUL1 as an important regulator of mitophagy and provides a plausible mechanism for its function in this process
  • WAC and GOLGA2 interact with the ATG8 homolog GABARAP and regulate its subcellular localization
  • GABARAP subfamily members, GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2, MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, are primary contributors to PINK1/Parkin mitophagy and starvation autophagy
  • key driver of starvation-induced autophagy and PINK1-PARK2-dependent mitophagy
  • RIPOR2 interacts with GABARAP, a key macroautophagy/autophagy pathway protein
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) DEL17P131
    Susceptibility to nicotinic dependence
    Variant & Polymorphism other variants increasing nicotinic dependence
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
    knockdown of Gabarap resulted in dwarfism of the entire zebrafish body, as well as a severely hypoplastic head and mandible. The findings suggested that the Gabarap gene plays a role in brain development in zebrafish (Komoike 2010)