Selected-GenAtlas references SOURCE GeneCards NCBI Gene Swiss-Prot Ensembl
HGNC UniGene Nucleotide OMIM UCSC
Home Page
FLASH GENE
Symbol ROCK2 contributors: mct - updated : 12-04-2014
HGNC name Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2
HGNC id 10252
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a tyrosine kinase catalytic domain
  • an AGC-kinase C-terminal domain
  • a REM (Hr1) repeat
  • a PH domain
  • a phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger
  • C-terminus acting as a coincidence detector for spatial regulatory signal
    • mono polymer homomer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Rock2 (96.4 pc)
    homolog to murine Rock2 (96.6 pc)
    intraspecies homolog to ROCK1
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • protein kinase superfamily
  • AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family
    • CATEGORY regulatory , structural protein
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule,centrosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule,mitotic spindle
    intracellular,nucleus
    text actin cytoskeleton
    basic FUNCTION
  • phosphorylating a large number of important signaling proteins
  • regulating the assembly of the actin cytoskeleton
  • promoting formation of stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes
  • playing a role in smooth muscle contraction
  • plays an important role in the process of atherosclerosis
  • key factor in regulation of motility/invasion of breast cancer cells
  • playing a central role in the disassembly of apical junctional complex in epithelial cells
  • plays important roles in many cellular processes, including signal transduction, vesicle trafficking, and cytoskeletal organization
  • ROCK1 and ROCK2 play distinct roles in regulating keratinocyte adhesion and terminal differentiation
  • ROCK1 and ROCK2 have distinct and separate roles in adhesion complex assembly and turnover in epidermal keratinocytes
  • ROCK1, ROCK2 are necessary for acquisition of elongated and geometric cell shape, two key events for epithelial differentiation
  • ROCK1 and ROCK2, negatively regulate CD1D-mediated Ag presentation
  • ROCK2-mediated intrinsic rhythm of vascular contractility may underlie the diurnal variation of the incidence of cardiovascular diseases
  • ROCK2 is required for stabilizing actin cytoskeleton through regulating cofilin phosphorylation
  • ROCK1 and ROCK2, are involved in stress fiber assembly and cell adhesion and are assumed to be functionally redundant
  • is required for stabilizing the actin cytoskeleton and cell adhesion
  • important role for RHOA-ROCK2 signaling to maintain apico-basal polarity in retinal progenitor cells, which is essential for subsequent cellular differentiation, morphology and eventually organ function
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • complex consisting of BRCA2, NPM, and ROCK2 maintains . the numerical integrity of centrosomes and accurate cell division and dysfunction of this regulation might be involved in the tumorigenesis of breast cancer
  • SORL1 and ROCK2 form a stable complex in human cells and tissues
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding, nucleotide,
  • ATP
  • Zn2+
    • protein
  • binding to RHOA (activated by GTP binding)
  • binding to IRS1, RHOB and RHOC
  • with ARHGEF11 and PTK2, cooperate to regulate adhesion movement and trailing-edge retraction in fibroblasts
  • dynamically associate with OLR1 in the presence of Oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL)
  • RHOA and RHOC are both required for the ROCK2-dependent promotion of centrosome duplication
  • interacting with SORL1 (ROCK2 may phosphorylate SORL1, and increases SORL1 ectodomain shedding)
  • PTPN11 acts via ROCK2 to regulate the cardiac actin cytoskeleton
  • ROCK1 and ROCK2 could promote vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) proliferation through ERK nuclear translocation, regulating the expression of PCNA and cyclin D1 protein
  • ARHGEF18 is a key regulator of RHOA-ROCK2 signaling that is crucial for maintenance of polarity in the vertebrate retinal epithelium
  • ROCK2 is a target of junctional PTK7-SRC signaling
  • CDKN3 binds and activates ROCK2 (RNA-mediated downregulation of CDKN3 leads to decreased ROCK2 activity and this, in turn, increases RAC1-mediated invasion)
  • MEF2D and ROCK2 are RBFOX2 splicing targets
  • ROCK2, PLK2 and PLK4 are all essential for centrosomes to re-duplicate in the cells arrested by exposure to DNA synthesis inhibitor
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by RHOA binding
    repressed by PTPN11, that mediates dephosphorylation of ROCK2 and, therefore, regulates RhoA-induced cell rounding
    Other kinase activity requires association between the hydrophobic motif of ROCK2 with the N-terminal extension
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • up-regulation of Fhl2 may contribute to the antihypertrophic phenotype that is observed in cardiac-specific Rock2-deficient mice