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FLASH GENE
Symbol F2 contributors: SGE/npt - updated : 28-11-2007
HGNC name coagulation factor II (thrombin)
HGNC id 3535
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveliver    
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period fetal
Text fetal liver
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a N terminus GLA domain
  • two cysteine-rich Kringle domains
  • one peptidase S1 domain
    • conjugated GlycoP
    isoforms Precursor . proteolytically cleaved to form thrombin
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • peptidase S1 family
    • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    text secreted in the plasma
    basic FUNCTION
  • serine protease converting fibrinogen to fibrin
  • key enzyme in the coagulation cascade and activates endothelial cells, neutrophils and monocytes via protease-activated receptors (PARs)
  • playing a role in the regulation of blood dendritic cell functions
  • playing a central role in clot formation via platelet activation and fibrin deposition
  • involved in tissue repair processes and inflammation
  • activating NFKappaB and regulating MMP9 expression in monocytes (Chang 2009)
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS coagulation/hemostasis , development
    text maintaining vascular integrity
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • FVa
  • FVIIIa
  • FXIII
  • PROC
  • interaction between thrombin and PAR-1 (protease-activated receptors) on blood dendritic cells could play pivotal roles in regulating local inflammatory and immune responses
  • interacting with MMP9 (regulates matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in monocytes) (Chang 2009)
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by Kallicrein which can directly activate prothrombin (Stief 2008)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) F2
    Susceptibility to ischemic heart disease (IHD)
    Variant & Polymorphism other G20210A heterozygosity alone and in combination with Factor V Leiden R506Q heterozygosity predicts 1.5 and 6.0 fold risk of IHD compared to non-carriers (Weischer 2009)
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS