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FLASH GENE
Symbol F2 contributors: SGE/npt - updated : 28-11-2007
HGNC name coagulation factor II (thrombin)
HGNC id 3535
Corresponding disease
Location 11p11.2      Physical location : 46.740.742 - 46.761.055
Synonym name
  • coagulation factor II
  • prothrombin B-chain
    • Synonym symbol(s) PT
    EC.number 3.4.21.5
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 20.31 kb     14 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    14 - 2018 - 622 - -
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveliver    
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period fetal
    Text fetal liver
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a N terminus GLA domain
  • two cysteine-rich Kringle domains
  • one peptidase S1 domain
    • conjugated GlycoP
    isoforms Precursor . proteolytically cleaved to form thrombin
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • peptidase S1 family
    • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    text secreted in the plasma
    basic FUNCTION
  • serine protease converting fibrinogen to fibrin
  • key enzyme in the coagulation cascade and activates endothelial cells, neutrophils and monocytes via protease-activated receptors (PARs)
  • playing a role in the regulation of blood dendritic cell functions
  • playing a central role in clot formation via platelet activation and fibrin deposition
  • involved in tissue repair processes and inflammation
  • activating NFKappaB and regulating MMP9 expression in monocytes (Chang 2009)
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS coagulation/hemostasis , development
    text maintaining vascular integrity
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • FVa
  • FVIIIa
  • FXIII
  • PROC
  • interaction between thrombin and PAR-1 (protease-activated receptors) on blood dendritic cells could play pivotal roles in regulating local inflammatory and immune responses
  • interacting with MMP9 (regulates matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in monocytes) (Chang 2009)
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by Kallicrein which can directly activate prothrombin (Stief 2008)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) F2
    Susceptibility to ischemic heart disease (IHD)
    Variant & Polymorphism other G20210A heterozygosity alone and in combination with Factor V Leiden R506Q heterozygosity predicts 1.5 and 6.0 fold risk of IHD compared to non-carriers (Weischer 2009)
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS