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FLASH GENE
Symbol ENO2 contributors: mct - updated : 11-03-2020
HGNC name enolase 2, (gamma, neuronal)
HGNC id 3353
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
HOMOLOGY
Homologene
FAMILY enolase family
CATEGORY enzyme
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    plasma membrane
    intracellular
intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
text
  • is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of neurons and neuroendocrine cells, especially in those of the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) lineage such as pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, intestine and lung
    • basic FUNCTION
  • having neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties on a broad spectrum of central nervous system (cns) neurons
  • ENO2 and arrestin are novel nonmyelin autoantigens in multiple sclerosis
  • in the glycolysis-related energy pathway, might be involved in higher metabolic activity during the day than at night, at least in part
  • is a biomarker for neuronal stress
  • PPP1R1A, OTULINL, ENO2, and GNG5 are potential regulators of islet function
  • is a form of glycolytic enolase isozyme and is considered a multifunctional protein
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule cofactor,
    magnesium, required for catalysis and for stabilizing the dimer
    protein
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    dramatically in cardiovascular accidents, cerebral trauma, brain tumors and creutzfeldt-jacob disease
    constitutional     --over  
    early elevations (up to 3 days) of S100B and ENO2 secondary to severe traumatic brain injury, predict deterioration to brain death, but more prominently associated with ENO2 than S100B
    constitutional     --over  
    in patients with migraine-without aura, increased ictal serum S100B and ENO2 levels together with increased interictal levels of S100B suggested that migraine might be associated with glial and/or neuronal damage in the brain and a prolonged disruption of blood-brain barrier
    constitutional     --low  
    associated with better neurologic outcomes of head trauma in children (
    constitutional     --over  
    in tic disorders (TD)
    constitutional     --over  
    in diabetic ketoacidosis and correlated with the severity of hyperglycemia, ketosis, and acidosis
    constitutional     --over  
    in asymptomatic carriers of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • increased serum GFAP, S100B, ENO2 are associated with acute CO poisoning, and these biomarkers can be useful in assessing the clinical status of patients with CO poisoning
  • ENO2 concentrations in older people may be a useful predictor of individuals at risk of more severe long-term cognitive decline
  • serum ENO2 levels are closely associated with peripheral neuropathy in patients with diabetes
  • may be likely a significant biomarker in Tics didorder
  • AVP and ENO2 measured in the early postnatal period are potential prognostic biomarkers of long-term neurodevelopmental outcome in term neonates diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and treated with therapeutic hypothermia
    • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS