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FLASH GENE

Symbol

CNR2

contributors: mct - updated : 15-12-2021

HGNC name	cannabinoid receptor 2 (macrophage)
HGNC id	2160

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Location	1p36.11      Physical location : 24.200.460 - 24.239.817
Synonym symbol(s)	CB2, CX5, EVI11, CB2R, CB-2

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	42.85 kb     2 Exon(s)

Genomic sequence alignment details
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

provisional

regionally located

located in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) breakpoint region

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed - - - 1776 - 360 - 2021 33512770 NM_001841 2 polyA site 5265 NP_001832 - 360 - 2021 33512770

EXPRESSION

Type	restricted

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol blood / hematopoietic spleen         Lymphoid/Immune lymph node         Reproductive male system testis       Homo sapiens

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood / hematopoietic

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Lymphoid/Immune macrophage Reproductive germ cell Homo sapiens Reproductive Leydig cell Homo sapiens Skeleton osteoblast Skeleton osteoclast

cell lineage	myeloid cell lines
cell lines
fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

seven transmembrane segments (7TM) receptor, hematopoietic

HOMOLOGY

interspecies

homolog to murine Cnr2

Homologene

FAMILY

family 1 of G protein coupled receptor

CATEGORY

protooncogene , receptor membrane G

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	plasma membrane
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum

basic FUNCTION	inhibiting adenylate cyclase
	putatively involved in the initiation of cell maturation
	playing an essential role for the maintenance of normal bone mass by osteoblastic and osteoclastic signaling
	CNR2, but not CNR1, regulates embryonic HSC (Hematopoietic Stem Cell) development
	CNR2-signaling optimizes the production, expansion, and migration of embryonic HSCs by modulating multiple downstream signaling pathways
	major receptor of endocannabinoid system that is crucial for bone mass homeostasis
	osteogenic differentiation induced by CNR2 signaling activation involves autophagy induction
	CNR2 activation can induce neurons proliferation and survival through activation of ERK and MAPK14 signaling pathways

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	upregulating nine genes involved in cytokine synthesis, regulation of transcription, cell differentiation
	activation of CNR2 could promote the intracellular degradation of HMGB1 via the autophagy-lysosome pathway in macrophage

cell & other

REGULATION

activated by	2-arachidonoylglycerol
	elevated endogenous levels of endocannabinoids

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional       loss of function combined deficiency of the CNR1 and CNR2 receptors protects against age-related bone loss by osteoclast inhibition

Susceptibility

to ostoporosis (low hip BMD) to immune thrombocytopenic purpura

Variant & Polymorphism SNP	increasing the risk of osteoporosis
	significant overrepresentation of the RR genotype and of the R allele was observed only for the chronic form of immune thrombocytopenic purpura children

Candidate gene
Marker
Therapy target
	System Type Disorder Pubmed osteoarticular bone   molecular target for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis and other bone diseases (antagonists of CNR2) metabolism lipid   pharmacological manipulation of CB2R may provide therapeutic possibilities to treat metabolic diseases associated with lipid dysregulation

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

extensive cardiomyocyte loss and confluent scar formation were found in Cnr2-/- mice accompanied by significantly increased apoptosis and left ventricular dysfunction when compared with Cnr2 +/+ mice