Selected-GenAtlas references	SOURCE	GeneCards	NCBI Gene	Swiss-Prot	Ensembl
	HGNC	UniGene	Nucleotide	OMIM	UCSC

Home Page

FLASH GENE

Symbol

PDK4

contributors: mct/npt - updated : 21-12-2019

HGNC name	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isoenzyme 4
HGNC id	8812

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Location	7q21.3      Physical location : 95.212.814 - 95.225.925
Synonym name	lipoamide kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial
Synonym symbol(s)	PDHK4, FLJ40832
EC.number	2.7.1.99, 2.7.11.2

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	13.00 kb     11 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

regulatory sequence	Promoter
	Binding site
text structure	p300/CBP may enhance acetylation of histones bound to the promoter and cooperate with Sp1 and CBF (CCAAT box binding factor) to stimulate transcription of the PDK4 gene in response to retinoic acids (RA) as well as Trichostatin A (TSA)

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

Y

status

provisional

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed variant 1 10 - 3710 46.5 411 - Tsintzas (2007)

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

constitutive of

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Cardiovascular heart       highly Endocrine pancreas         Lymphoid/Immune thymus       highly Nervous nerve       highly Reproductive female system uterus cervix     Respiratory respiratory tract trachea     predominantly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Muscular striatum skeletal   highly

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

histidine-kinase domain

HOMOLOGY

interspecies

homolog to murine Pdk4

Homologene

FAMILY

pdk/bckdk protein kinase family

CATEGORY

enzyme

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,inner
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane

basic FUNCTION	pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4, regulating mitochondrial PDH activity
	with PDK3 and PDK2 are primary PPARbeta/delta target genes underlining the importance of the receptor in the control of metabolism (Degenhardt 2007)
	regulation of glycolysis by PDK2, PDK4 functions as a metabolic checkpoint for cell cycle quiescence in hematopoietic stem cells

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	interacting with FOXO1 to regulate energetic metabolism
	ZBTB2 may increase cell proliferation by reprogramming glucose metabolic pathways to favor glycolysis by upregulating PDK4 expression via repression of RELA/p65 expression
	PDK2 and PDK4, key regulatory enzymes in glucose metabolism, mediate glycolytic metabolic shift in the DRG leading to painful diabetic neuropathy

cell & other

REGULATION

induced by

CEBPB (induced PDK4 gene expression and decreased PDC activity)

Other

regulated by retinoic acids (RA) as well as Trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC)

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --over   in tissues other than the liver is clearly important during starvation for regulation of PDC (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) activity and glucose homoeostasis

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS