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FLASH GENE

Symbol

CD14

contributors: shn/mct - updated : 07-04-2020

HGNC name	CD14 molecule
HGNC id	1628

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive liver       highly Nervous ganglia sensory ganglia dorsal root       nerve       highly   spinal cord         Reproductive female system ovary     highly   female system placenta     highly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood / Hematopoietic bone marrow       Epithelial barrier lining endothelium     Homo sapiens Nervous central       Nervous peripherous

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood/Hematopoietic monocyte Homo sapiens Blood/Hematopoietic neutrophil Homo sapiens Cardiovascular endothelial cell Homo sapiens Lymphoid/Immune dendritic cell Homo sapiens Lymphoid/Immune macrophage Homo sapiens

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

physiological period

pregnancy

Text

placenta

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	11 leucine rich repeats
	a region spanning amino acids 57-64 critical for interacting with TLR2 and enhancing TLR2-mediated peptidoglycan signaling

conjugated

GlycoP

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	ortholog to Cd14, Mus musculus
	ortholog to Cd14, Rattus norvegicus

Homologene

FAMILY

CATEGORY

antigen , receptor membrane

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
	plasma membrane
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,granule
text	attached to the membrane by a GPI-anchor

basic FUNCTION	functional receptor for peptidoglycan
	receptor for bacterial liposaccharides, recruiting LPS to TLR proteins and inducing a liposaccharide signaling pathway
	involved in the clearance of apoptotic cells
	regulator of IgE levels
	enhancing Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-mediated signaling in response to peptidoglycan
	plays a major role in the inflammatory response of monocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
	critical regulator of the microglial inflammatory response that acts to modulate betta-amyloid deposition
	CD14 modulates adipose tissue inflammatory activity and insulin resistance 1)
	is a monocytic differentiation antigen that regulates innate immune responses to pathogens
	stimulation of a local CD14-independent chemokine induction pathway without triggering a systemic CD14-dependent chemokine pathway can protect against severe E. coli infections
	plays a very important role in transferring LPS from LPS-binding protein to TLR4, which was regarded as the initiation of TLR4 signaling
	is a key organizer of microglial responses to CNS infection and injury
	function of the innate immune response by CD14 is crucial during biliary infection and stricture formation
	new roles for CD14 and IL1B linking inflammatory dendritic cells to IL17A production in memory CD4+ T cells
	is a key mediator of both lysophosphatidic acid and lipopolysaccharide induction of foam cell formation
	cell surface glycoprotein, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors
	is a monocyte/macrophage pattern-recognition receptor that modulates innate inflammatory signaling
	CD14 expression on macrophages is necessary for airway inflammation but not for viral pathogenesis in allergic hosts
	CD14 might play an important role in self-remission of gout

CELLULAR PROCESS	cell life, antiapoptosis

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

immunity/defense

text	innate immunity

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

signal transduction

MAP kinase and NF-kappa B pathway

a component

component of a complex with TLR4 and LY96 binding LPS and trafficking to Golgi apparatus to plasma membrane

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	Mac-2-binding protein, Mac-2-BP
	Toll-like receptor 2, TLR2
	lactoferrin, LTF
	ceramide, CD55, Fcgamma-receptors CD32, CD64 and the pentaspan CD47
	lipopolysaccharide, LPS and lipopolysaccharide binding protein, LBP
	in gastric cancer CD14 promoted tumor cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion through TNF
	CD14 mediates binding of high doses of LPS but is dispensable for TNF production
	CD14 is an endogenous ligand for CD33 and ligation of CD33 with CD14 modulates with the presentation of LPS from CD14 to TLR4, leading to down-regulation of TLR4-mediated signaling
	CD14 is a co-receptor of TLR4 in the S100A9-induced cytokine response
	LGALS4 could bind to CD14 on monocytes and induce their differentiation into macrophage-like cells through the MAPK signaling pathway

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --over   in preterm infants with Early-onset sepsis (EOS) compared with uninfected infants tumoral     --other   dysfunction in the CD14/TLR4 antagonism may contribute to normal epithelial transition to colonic carcinogenesis

Susceptibility

severe chronic periodontitis to Crohn disease (in association with CARD15) to IgA nephropathy in progression to laryngeal cancer to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Variant & Polymorphism	159 TT allele and1359G:/T increases this risk of Crohn disease
	T159C associated to IgA nephropathy in progression
	genetic variation of CD14, rs5744455, is related to the susceptibility to laryngeal cancer
	CD14 C (-159) T gene polymorphism, a co-receptor of TLR4, have an increased risk of NAFLD development

Candidate gene
Marker	presepsin could be a useful biomarker for the early diagnosis of sepsis, also for pediatric sepsis
	plasma soluble CD14 level might be a potential biomarker in prediction of asthma severity in adults
	presepsin could be a useful biomarker of sepsis secondary to fungal infections
	is a valuable biomarker to detect patients with acute pyelonephritis
Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

	CD14-deficient miceare highly resistant to shock induced by either live Gram-negative bacteria or LPS and show dramatically reduced levels of bacteremia
	Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from CD14-/- mice exhibited impaired responses to polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (pIpC) and reduced production of inflammatory cytokines
	mice lacking CD14 exhibited reduced insoluble, but not soluble, levels of betta-amyloid at 7 months of age and have a significant change in the inflammatory environment of the brain