Selected-GenAtlas references SOURCE GeneCards NCBI Gene Swiss-Prot Ensembl
HGNC UniGene Nucleotide OMIM UCSC
Home Page
FLASH GENE
Symbol AHSG contributors: mct - updated : 15-12-2015
HGNC name alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein
HGNC id 349
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
conjugated GlycoP
isoforms Precursor
HOMOLOGY
intraspecies homolog to collagen
paralog to fetuin b
Homologene
FAMILY
  • fetuin family
    • CATEGORY regulatory , transport
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • FGF23 and AHSG proteins co-localized both in cytoplasm and nucleus, which suggests a possible reciprocal interactivity
    • basic FUNCTION
  • inhibitor of the insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase
  • involved in skeletal development and chronic disorder such as vascular calcifications
  • phosphate level is negatively correlated with AHSG level
  • implicated in the regulation of body fat and insulin sensitivity
  • negative acute phase protein involved in inflammatory diseases, thus being a potential physiological regulator of meprin (MEP1A, MEP1B) activity
  • CST3 an AHSG are endogenous inhibitors of human meprin metalloproteases
  • is a liver-derived blood protein that acts as a potent inhibitor of ectopic mineralization
  • fulfills likely the requirement of an endogenous ligand for TLR4 through which lipids induce insulin resistance
  • regulates potentially endochondral ossification through mineralization inhibition and lipid (hormone) binding
  • lipid-induced AHSG from adipocytes is an efficient chemokine for macrophage migration and polarization
  • acts as an inhibitor of systemic and local ectopic calcification and inflammatory response
  • mediator of inflammatory response that might also be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
  • AHSG and/or palmitate influence the expression of proinflammatory and angiogenic proteins only partially via TLR4 signalling
  • contributes to the prevention of soft tissue calcification, modulates inflammation, reduces insulin sensitivity and fosters weight gain following high fat diet or ageing
  • liver-derived plasma protein with multiple functions, which is proteolytically processed to yield a disulfide-linked two-chain form
  • role in iron homeostasis
  • liver protein known to inhibit insulin actions
  • serum glycoprotein with recognized anti-calcification activity, also been suggested to modulate both bone formation and resorption
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS development , endocytosis transport
    text brain,bone mineralization
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • two polypeptide chains cleaved from the precursor and linked by a disulfide bond
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • type II transmembrane serine protease controlling the expression of hepcidin, the key regulator of iron homeostasis
  • testosterone participates in the regulation of hepatic AHSG expression, an effect mediated, at least partially, by androgen receptor activation
  • substrate of TMPRSS6
  • AHSG is produced in bone, mainly in osteocytes, and its production is modulated by FGF23
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    is correlated with the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
    constitutional     --low  
    decreased serum AHSG levels were independently associated with disease activity in patients with Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis
    constitutional     --low  
    in patients with Alzheimer, disease in proportion to the severity of cognitive impairment
    constitutional     --low  
    nephrolithiasis patients had lower AHSG protein level in urine and renal tissue
    constitutional     --low  
    AHSG, MMP9, and MMP3 levels were significantly lower in migraine than controls
    constitutional     --over  
    in diabetes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
    constitutional     --low  
    serum AHSG concentration is decreased and reflects-at least partly-systemic inflammation in preeclampsia
    Susceptibility to low body mass index
    Variant & Polymorphism SNP
  • SNP associated to low body mass index
  • variant Thr230Met associated with a marked increase in beta2-adrenoceptor sensitivity in subcutaneous fat cells, which may be of importance in body weight regulation
    • Candidate gene
    Marker
  • may serve as a biological link between vascular disease and normal age-related cognitive decline
  • biomarker reported to be important in many metabolic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and hepatic steatosis
    • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Fetuin-A deficiency in mice resulted in decreased hepcidin mRNA levels