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FLASH GENE
Symbol HMGN1 contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 26-02-2016
HGNC name high-mobility group nucleosome binding domain 1
HGNC id 4984
Location 21q22.2      Physical location : 40.714.246 - 40.721.047
Synonym name
  • high-mobility group (nonhistone chromosomal) protein 14
  • high-mobility group nucleosome binding 1
  • Synonym symbol(s) HMG14, FLJ27265, FLJ31471, MGC104230, MGC117425
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 6.81 kb     6 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked Y status confirmed
    Map see IFNAR1
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    6 - 1313 - 100 - 2009 19524541
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart    
    Lymphoid/Immunethymus   highly
    Reproductivefemale systemuterus  highly
    Respiratoryrespiratory tractlarynx  highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow   
    Connectivebone   
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY DNA associated
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus,chromatin/chromosome,nucleosome
    text nuclear protein that binds specifically to nucleosomes
    basic FUNCTION
  • nucleosomal binding protein altering the structure of the chromatin fiber and enhancing transcription, only from chromatin templates
  • modulates the level of histone H2A phosphorylation
  • modulating histone posttranslational modifications, and histone H3 phosphorylation
  • alters the compaction of the chromatin fiber, increases the cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation, optimizes the cellular response to ionizing radiation and to other tumorigenic event
  • altering the equilibrium generated by the opposing enzymatic activities that continuously modify and de-modify the histone tails in nucleosomes
  • playing a role on chromatin structure but does not affect SWI/SNF-dependent chromatin remodeling on either mononucleosomes or nucleosomal arrays
  • abundant nucleosomal binding protein, that can affect both the chromatin higher order structure and the modification of nucleosomal histones, but it alters the expression of only a subset of genes
  • regulates the expression of particular genes via specific protein-protein interactions with transcription factors at target gene regulatory regions
  • potently repress ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling by four different molecular motor proteins
  • act in opposition to ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors to restrict nucleosome mobility
  • nuclear proteins that bind to nucleosomes and alter the structure of chromatin
  • play a role in global DNA repair expands the role of these proteins in the maintenance of genome integrity
  • modulates the interaction of ATM with chromatin both before and after double-stranded breaks formation, thereby optimizing its activation
  • is potentially part of the cellular machinery that modulates transcriptional fidelity by generating, maintaining, or preferentially interacting with specific sites in chromatin
  • nucleosome-binding protein ubiquitously expressed in vertebrate cells, that preferentially binds to CpG island-containing promoters and affects the organization of nucleosomes
  • HMGN1, 2, and 3, promote astrocyte differentiation of neural precursor cells (NPCs) during brain development
  • HMGN1, HMGN2, HMGN3 are novel chromatin regulatory factors that control astrocyte fate decision/differentiation in parallel with or downstream of the JAK-STAT pathway
  • contributes to antitumor immunity and it may offer an effective adjuvant to heighten responses to cancer vaccines
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA binding
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • specifically interacts with estrogen receptor alpha ESR1 (at the TFF1 promoter, estrogen increases HMGN1 association through recruitment by ESR1)
  • HMGN1 is a new PCNA-interacting protein that enhances the binding of PCNA to chromatin but not to purified DNA
  • regulatory role for HMGN1 in PARP1 activation
  • HMGN1 modulates nucleosome occupancy and DNASE1 hypersensitivity at the CpG island promoters of embryonic stem cells 6)
  • is a potent alarmin that binds TLR4 and induces antigen-specific Th1 immune responses
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS