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FLASH GENE

Symbol

BORA

contributors: mct - updated : 24-09-2014

HGNC name	chromosome 13 open reading frame 34
HGNC id	24724

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	28.45 kb     12 Exon(s)

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

provisional

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_024808 12 - 2954 NP_079084 - 619 - 2006 16890155 NM_001286747 11 - 2847 NP_001273676 - 489 - 2006 16890155 NM_001286746 12 - 3052 NP_001273675 - 634 - 2006 16890155

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive pharynx       highly Urinary bladder       highly

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY

BORA family

CATEGORY

DNA associated

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
	intracellular,nucleus
text	in interphase cells, is a nuclear protein, but upon entry into mitosis, BORA is excluded from the nucleus and translocates into the cytoplasm in a CDC2-dependent manner

basic FUNCTION	accumulates in the G2 phase and promotes AURKA-mediated activation of Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), leading to the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 and mitotic entry
	with AURKA control mitotic entry, which provides a mechanism for one of the most important yet ill-defined events in the cell cycle
	regulates spindle stability and microtubule polymerization and promotes tension across sister kinetochores during mitosis (tight regulation of the BORA protein by its synthesis and degradation is critical for cell cycle progression)
	synergistic action of BORA and the kinase Aurora A (AURKA) controls the G2-M transition
	is an essential mitotic kinase regulating multiple aspects of the cell division process
	its degradation compromises PLK1 activation and contributes to DNA damage-induced G2 arrest

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	interacts with PLK1 and controls the accessibility of its activation loop for phosphorylation and activation by AURKA
	interacts with PLK1 and BTRC ubiquitin ligase (implicated in BORA degradation by proteasomes in mitosis)
	interacting wth AURKA (activation of CDC2 initiates the release of BORA into the cytoplasm where it can bind and activate Aurora-A)
	BORA/AURKA-dependent phosphorylation is a prerequisite for PLK1 to promote mitotic entry after a checkpoint-dependent arrest
	PLK1 controls AURKA localization and function by regulating cellular levels of BORA
	PIN1 acts as a negative regulator of the G2/M transition by interacting with the AURKA-BORA complex
	BRCA1 downregulates the kinase activity of PLK1 by modulating the dynamic interactions of AURKA, BORA, and PLK1

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --over   induces mislocalization of AURKA and monopolar spindle formation, reminiscent of the phenotype seen in PLK1-depleted cells

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS