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FLASH GENE

Symbol

NPM2

contributors: mct - updated : 10-09-2016

HGNC name	nucleophosmin/nucleoplasmin, 2
HGNC id	7930

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_182795 9 - 1118 NP_877724 - 214 - 2003 12714744

EXPRESSION

Type

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Nervous brain         Skin/Tegument skin

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Reproductive oocyte

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

IMPRINTING

maternally

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	a bipartite nuclear localization signal
	a stretch of negatively charged glutamic acid and aspartic acid residues, involved in protamine and histone binding
	several putative ser and thr phosphorylation sites
	a large acidic tract in its C-terminal tail (Npm2-A2) able to bind histones and form large complexes

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	ortholog to rattus npm2
	ortholog to Xenopus nucleoplasmin (Np), a chaperone that binds histonesNpm2

Homologene

FAMILY

nucleoplasmin family

CATEGORY

chaperone/stress

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,nucleus,chromatin/chromosome
	intracellular,nucleus,nucleolus
text	nuclear localization before nuclear membrane breakdown, then redistributed to the cytoplasm
	expression limited to growing oocyte

basic FUNCTION	may be involved in sperm DNA decondensation during fertilization
	involved in sperm chromatin remodeling in mammals
	NPM1 and NPM2 mediated nucleosome assembly independently of other NPM proteins
	maximal sperm chromatin remodeling activity of NPM2 required the inhibition of its non-specific nucleic acid-binding activity by phosphorylation
	the NPM proteins (NPM1, NPM2, NPM3) cooperatively regulate chromatin disassembly and assembly in the early embryo and in somatic cells
	H2AC1, H2BC1 and NPM2 enhance reprogramming of human somatic cells and improve the quality of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)

CELLULAR PROCESS

nucleotide, chromatin organization, remodeling

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

reproduction/sex

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA	DNA binding

RNA

small molecule

protein	histone binding
	NPM2 targeting of NLBs (Nucleolus-like bodies) is regulated by the K-rich motif and is essential for the formation of NLBs
	beyond their important role in the remodeling of paternal chromatin in the early stages of embryogenesis, NPM2 and NPM3 and NASP members can interact with a plethora of proteins in addition to histones in somatic cells

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

	female Npm2 null mice showed defects in preimplantation embryo development, with abnormalities in oocyte and early embryonic nuclei
	in male mice, sperm DNA decondensation proceeded in the absence of Npm2