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FLASH GENE
Symbol CGAS contributors: mct - updated : 30-10-2018
HGNC name cyclic GMP-AMP synthase
HGNC id 21367
Location 6q13      Physical location : -
Synonym name
  • chromosome 6 open reading frame 150
  • mab-21 domain-containing protein 1
  • protein MB21D1
    • Synonym symbol(s) C6orf150, MB21D1, h-cGAS
    EC.number 2.7.7.86
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 28.62 kb     5 Exon(s)
    MAPPING cloned   linked   status
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    5 - 1802 - 522 - 2017 28738408
    EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Lymphoid/Immune      Homo sapiens
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Lymphoid/Immunenatural killer Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N-terminal domain of CGAS plays an important role in enhancing its function
    • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY DNA associated
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    basic FUNCTION
  • is a cytosolic DNA sensor that induces interferons by producing the second messenger cGAMP
  • is a cytosolic dsDNA sensor mediating the innate immunity to microbial DNA
  • is a vital innate immune sensor of M. tuberculosis infection
  • CGAS is a cytosolic DNA sensor that activates the IFN pathway
  • is an essential DNA virus sensor that triggers type I interferon (IFN) signaling by producing cGAMP to initiate antiviral immunity
  • role of CGAS in the innate immune responses against pathogenic DNAs
  • is a DNA-sensing enzyme in the innate immune system
  • mediates innate immune responses against invading pathogens, or against self-dsDNA, which causes autoimmune disorders
  • CGAS restoration or TMEM173 stimulation by small molecules during infancy might improve the age-dependent susceptibility to DNA virus infection
  • CGAS recognizes cytosolic chromatin fragments in senescent cellsand the activation of CGAS, in turn, triggers the production of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors via TMEM173, thereby promoting paracrine senescence
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • CGAS-induced activation of TMEM173 also involves the activation of the NFKB1 and IRF3 pathways
  • MAVS and TMEM173 transduce signals from the cytosolic nucleic acid sensors DDX58 and CGAS, respectively
  • PQBP1 directly binds to reverse-transcribed HIV-1 DNA and interacts with CGAS to initiate an IRF3-dependent innate respons
  • TRIM14 inhibits CGAS degradation mediated by selective autophagy receptor SQSTM1 to promote innate immune responses
  • SENP7 interacted with and potentiated CGAS activation
  • unique innate immune activation cascade in which TBK1-IKBKB formed a positive feedback loop to assure robust cytokine production during CGAS-TMEM173 activation
  • loss of the CGAS-TMEM173 pathway may be required to evade Extrachromosomal telomere repeat (ECTR)-induced anti-proliferation effects and permit alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) development in cancer
  • MARCHF8 is a negative regulator of CGAS-mediated signaling
  • MARCHF8 attenuates CGAS-mediated innate immune responses through ubiquitylation
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other temporal modulation of the CGAS activity via dynamic SUMOylation
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    immunologyautoimmune 
    inhibition of CGAS may lead to prevention and treatment of some human autoimmune diseases caused by self-DNA
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • mice deficient in Cgas were more susceptible to lethality caused by infection with M. tuberculosis