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FLASH GENE

Symbol

HK1

contributors: mct/npt - updated : 22-12-2020

HGNC name	hexokinase 1
HGNC id	4922

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Endocrine thyroid       highly Lymphoid/Immune tonsils       highly Reproductive female system breast mammary gland   highly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Connective bone     highly

cell lineage	universally (HK1),erythroid cells (other isoform)
cell lines
fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	regulatory region including a mitochondrial porin-binding domain at the N terminal, protein domain responsible for binding to the outer mitochondrial membrane, and regulation of energy production and apoptosis (Hantke 2009)
	a catalytic half carboxy-terminal

HOMOLOGY

interspecies

homolog to rattus Hk1

Homologene

FAMILY

hexokinase family

CATEGORY

enzyme

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	plasma membrane
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,outer
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
	intracellular,nucleus

basic FUNCTION	key enzymes of glycolysis that catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (de Vooght 2009)
	may influence A1C levels through its anemic effect or its effect on glucose metabolism in red blood cells (Bonnefond 2009)
	is ubiquitylated by PRKN upon dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

carbohydrate

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	binding HDAC1, in the outer mitochondrial membrane (VDAC1-based peptides interfering with HK-mediated anti-apoptotic activity may potentiate the efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutic agents)(Arzoine 2009)
	mitochondrial hexokinase I (HK1) is a novel PRKN substrate
	PRKN-mediated HK1 degradation may inhibit glycolysis, and consequently Parkin’s mitochondriallocalization is hindered, suggesting HK1 functions as a negative feedback component
	in the presence of Ca2+, KCNIP3 interacts with HK1, a protein known to bind mitochondria and regulate apoptosis
	FUBP1 upregulates the mRNA levels of two hexokinase genes, HK1 and HK2
	direct, GTP-dependent interaction between KRAS and hexokinase 1 (HK1) that alters the activity of the kinase, and thereby establish that HK1 is an effector of KRAS

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

HK1 , HMSNR , RP79 , NEDVIBA

related resource

MITOP database

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --low   reduced erythroid transcription of HK1 together with aberrant splicing of both HK1 and red cell specific-hexokinase results in hexokinase deficiency and mild chronic hemolysis (de Vooght 2009)

Susceptibility

to variation of glycated hemoglobin levels in a non-diabetic population

Variant & Polymorphism other	association between glycated hemoglobin levels and HK1 polymorphisms (Pare 2008)

Candidate gene
Marker	overexpression of HK1 may act as a significant biomarker of poor prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer
Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS