motifs/domains
| N-terminal calponin domains, binding filamentous actin, an actin-binding site |
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a large central spectrin-like rod domain |
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one interrupted LEM domain |
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a luminal domain binding directly to SUN proteins |
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a transmembrane anchor that tethers to the nuclear membrane |
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a short domain that resides within the lumen between the inner and outer nuclear membrane (Puckelwartz 2009) |
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C-terminal single transmembrane domain (KASH domain) spanning the outer nuclear membrane, which mediates nuclear membrane localization, and/or N-terminal paired calponin-homology domains that bind actin |
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION
| plasma membrane
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| intracellular
|
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
|
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| intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm,nuclear bodies
|
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| intracellular,nuclear envelope,ext
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| text
| sarcomeric Z-line of skeletal and cardiac muscle |
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at the nuclear envelope of synaptic nuclei |
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outer nuclear membrane protein that is thought to link the nucleus to the actin cytoskeleton (Zhang 2010) |
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localizes to processing bodies (PBs), where it acts as a microtubule-associated protein capable of linking mRNP complexes to microtubules  |
| basic FUNCTION
| playing an important role in muscle function |
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functioning at both the Golgi and the nuclear envelope, perhaps linking the two organelles during muscle differentiation |
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having an important function in muscle development and maintenance (Attali 2009) |
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playing a role in anchoring nuclei at the neuromuscular junction |
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multi-isomeric, spectrin-repeat proteins that bind both emerin and lamins A/C and form a network in muscle linking the nucleoskeleton to the inner nuclear membrane, the outer nuclear membrane, membraneous organelles, the sarcomere and the actin cytoskeleton |
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in combination with two SUN-domain proteins, UNC84A and UNC84B, form a linking complex that couples the nucleoskeleton to the cytoskeleton |
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participate in the LINC complex that links the cytoplasm to the nucleus (Puckelwartz 2009) |
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involved in anchoring specialized myonuclei underneath neuromuscular junctions (Attali 2009) |
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essential for normal positioning and anchorage of nuclei in skeletal muscle |
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may be forming the critical link between the nucleus and the myofibers, without which nuclear attachment to myofibers is completely abolished |
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is not a structural component of the nucleus, but is rather a coupling element that mediates interactions between F-actin and the nucleus |
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SYNE1, SYNE2 act as highly versatile tissue specific intracellular protein scaffolds |
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plays an important role in the proliferation and apoptosis of mesenchymal stem cells |
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SUN1, SUN2, SYNE1 (LINC complex) have emerged as a key regulators of actin cytoskeletal organisation |
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LINC complex exists in a mechanical feedback circuit with RHOA to regulate Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) actomyosin activity and morphology |
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mislocalization of LINC complex proteins (SUN1, SUN2, LMNA, EMD, SYNE1) is a significant characteristic of cellular senescence phenotypes and may influence complex events at the nuclear membrane, including trafficking and heterochromatin attachment |
