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FLASH GENE

Symbol

GH1

contributors: mct - updated : 25-04-2012

HGNC name	growth hormone 1
HGNC id	4261

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

EXPRESSION

Type	restricted

constitutive of

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive intestine large intestine colon   highly Endocrine neuroendocrine pituitary     highly Hearing/Equilibrium ear       highly Nervous brain         Reproductive female system placenta     highly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Epithelial secretory glandular endocrine

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Lymphoid/Immune lymphocyte

cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion	released from the anterior pituitary in a pulsatile and circadian manner

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY

somatotropin/prolactin family

CATEGORY

signaling hormone

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION

extracellular

basic FUNCTION	growth hormone 1 (N variants), anabolic and lipolytic
	stimulating both the differentiation and proliferation of myoblasts, amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in muscle and other tissues
	exerts metabolic effects both directly and through stimulation of IGF1, insulin, and free fatty acids (FFA)
	increases expression of ZEB2 in the glomerular podocyte and also decreases CDH1 expression in these cells
	GH1/IGF1 is likely to play an important role in the regulation of tendon and muscle collagen
	induces the activity of RELA (an important member of the NFKB family of transcription factors) in growth plate chondrocytes
	potent stimulator of longitudinal bone growth
	stimulates RELA nuclear translocation and DNA binding in growth plate chondrocytes
	FGF21 and GH1 are metabolic hormones that play important roles in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism
	GH1/IGF-1 axis is the key regulator of somatic growth

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

development

text

growth

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

hormonal

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	Ghrelin is the strongest GH1 secretagogue and may be a key regulator of GH1 peak amplitude
	may promote growth plate chondrocyte function by activating both IGF1 and BMP2 activity

cell & other

REGULATION

inhibited by

GH signaling inhibited by estrigen through SOCS2 médiation

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

IGHD1 , IGHD2

Susceptibility

to hypertension and strocke to IGHD (isolated GH deficiency) to tall stature

Variant & Polymorphism other	core promoter haplotype(CH7, CH9, CH10, CH11)increasing the risk of hypertension and strocke
	57GT polymorphism contributes to IGHD susceptibility

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS