motifs/domains
| N-terminal domain important for its catalytic activity, nuclear localization, and binding to PPP1CC  |
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N-LIP interacting with several nuclear proteins, and C-LIP domains exhibit conservation between family members |
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both the N- and C-terminal regions of lipin 1 mediate its oligomerization in a head-to-head/tail-to-tail manner |
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P, serine AA 106, which is known to be phosphorylated in response to insulin |
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a NLS, nuclear localization signal |
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a TAD (transcriptional activation domain), between residues 217 and 399, which is critical for the activation of PPARG, but not PPARA |
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a coil-loop structure for the insulin-dependent phosphorylation site |
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DXDXT, PAP1 enzyme active site |
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LXXIL, transcription factor interaction domain |
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catalytic domain LNS2 (Lipin/Ned1/Smp2) at AAs 674–830 |
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a polybasic motif having a role as both a lipid binding motif and a primary nuclear localization sequence, and necessary for full expression of the biological activity of the protein in intracellular lipid metabolism and transcriptional control of adipogenesis |
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SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION
| intracellular
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,outer
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
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| intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm
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| text
| localized to the cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, and nucleus |
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lipid phosphatase enzymes at the endoplasmic reticular membrane, that can rapidly translocate within the cell |
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hyperphosphorylated LPIN1 remains sequestered in the cytosol, whereas hypophosphorylated LPIN1 translocates to the endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus |
| basic FUNCTION
| playing a role in normal adipose tissue development and in triglyceride metabolism |
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its expression in differentiating preadipocytes is required for normal expression of adipogenic transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha, and for the synthesis of triacylglycerol |
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required for adipocyte differentiation and in the maintenance of adipocyte function |
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required prior to PPARgamma during adipocyte differentiation |
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playing a role in the regulation of the glucose and insulin levels |
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influences lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis in diverse tissues including adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver |
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in addition to its role in glycerolipid synthesis, also operates as a transcriptional coactivator, working in collaboration with known nuclear receptors and coactivators to modulate lipid metabolism gene expression |
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having a distinct and non-redundant function in regulating lipid production during the cell cycle and adipocyte differentiation |
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act as a transcriptional coactivator in liver, directly interacting with nuclear receptors such as PPARA and the coactivator PGC1A |
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might be involved in exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle |
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has transcriptional coactivator activity in hepatocytes |
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plays a dual role, in the cytoplasm, acting as a phosphatidate phosphatase 1 (PAP1) converting phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol, and in the nucleus functions as a transcriptional co-activator through interaction with transcription factors including PPARA and PPARGC1A, which regulate the expression of genes encoding FAO and respiratory chain (RC) enzymes |
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muscle-specific phosphatidic acid phosphatase, a key enzyme in triglyceride and membrane phospholipid biosynthesis |
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functions as an amplifier of the network between PPARG and CEBPA, resulting in the maintenance of high levels of the specific gene expression that are required for adipogenesis and mature adipocyte functions |
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could be involved in the regulation of gene transcription by interacting with transcription factors |
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critical role of LIPIN1 in the perturbation of hepatic insulin signaling |
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possesses phosphatidate (PA) phosphatase (3-sn-phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activity |
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potentially important link between triacylglycerol synthesis and adipose tissue inflammation |
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also play crucial roles in the nucleus as transcriptional regulatory proteins |
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lipin 1, 2, and 3 are bifunctional intracellular proteins that regulate metabolism by acting as coregulators of DNA-bound transcription factors and also dephosphorylate phosphatidate to form diacylglycerol |
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principal lipin protein in the myocardium and is regulated in response to physiologic and pathologic stimuli that impact cardiac metabolism |
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promotes nuclear remodeling and mediates the effects of MTOR on SREBF target gene, SREBF promoter activity, and nuclear SREBF1 and SREBF2 protein abundance |
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as both necessary and sufficient for mediating the effects of MTOR inhibition on SREBF transcriptional activity |
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functions as a phosphatidate phosphatase (PAP) enzyme in the glycerol 3-phosphate pathway for triglyceride storage and as a transcriptional coactivator/corepressor for metabolic nuclear receptors |
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Lipin-1 modulation of phosphatidic acid levels is required for early steps in adipogenesis |
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is critical for lipid synthesis and homeostasis in adipose tissue, liver, muscle, and peripheral nerves |
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plays crucial roles in the regulation of lipid metabolism and cell differentiation in adipocytes |
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ER stress might be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity through lipin-1 depletion |
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is essential for increased capacity for beta-oxidation in fasted livers, and it is also a phosphatidate phosphatase involved in triacylglycerol and phospholipid synthesis |
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functions as a key regulator of PPARG activity through its ability to release co-repressors and recruit co-activators via a mechanism other than PPARA activation |
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lipin-1 phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) activity is a component of the macroautophagy pathway |
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in addition to their roles during early adipogenesis, lipins also have a role in lipid droplet biogenesis |
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phosphatidate phosphatase in glycerolipid biosynthesis and signal transduction |
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also serves as a transcriptional co-regulator to control lipid metabolism and adipogenesis |
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LPIN2 functions likely as a constitutively active phosphatidic acid (PA) phosphatase in stark contrast to the high degree of phosphorylation-mediated regulation of LPIN1 |
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Mg(2+)-dependent phosphatidic acid phosphatase involved in the de novo synthesis of phospholipids and triglycerides |
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unanticipated role as a mediator of macrophage proinflammatory activation and support a critical link between lipid biosynthesis and systemic inflammatory responses |
