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FLASH GENE
Symbol VCAM1 contributors: mct - updated : 12-07-2017
HGNC name vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
HGNC id 12663
Location 1p21.2      Physical location : 101.185.296 - 101.204.599
Synonym name
  • cell differentiation antigen CD106, identified by monoclonal antibody 1G11
  • CD106 antigen
  • Synonym symbol(s) CD106, VAP1, MGC99561, INCAM-100, DKFZp779G2333, V-CAM 1
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 19.41 kb     9 Exon(s)
    Genomic sequence alignment details
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    text with alternatively spliced forms,lacking exon 5a (Cybulsky)
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    8 - 2843 - 647 - 2006 16585601
    9 - 3034 - 677 - 2006 16585601
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularvessels    
    Lymphoid/Immunespleen   highly
     thymus   highly
    Urinarykidney   highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Epithelialbarrier/lining   
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularendothelial cell
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period embryo
    Text
  • expressed predominantly in the allantois and heart of early developing embryos
  • PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N terminal Ig-like domain containing four cysteine residues forming two intra-domain disulfide bridges
  • seven Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains
  • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • cell adhesion molecule family
  • immunoglobulin superfamily
  • CATEGORY adhesion
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
    basic FUNCTION
  • clustering in an endothelial actin rich docking structure with ICAM1, MSN, EZR
  • potential role in regulating the immune response and inflammatory reactions against viral infections
  • cell surface receptor that mediates leukocyte attachment and extravasation across endothelial and mesothelial monolayers at sites of inflammation
  • in the fluid phase is a significant contributor to the heightened eosinophilic inflammatory response
  • with ICAM1 were critical for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated VCAM1 was essential only for promoting endothelial-leukocyte interactions
  • possible mechanism of VCAM1 activation facilitating breast cancer progression
  • endothelial adhesion receptor with key function for leukocyte recruitment in term of cellular immune response
  • VCAM1 was essential only for promoting endothelial-leukocyte interactions
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS immunity/defense
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
  • IRF1-mediated proinflammatory signaling pathway that specifically regulates LPS-mediated VCAM1 expression, independent of NFKB1
  • a component
  • unique FOXO1–VCAM1 axis that governs placental morphogenesis, a process that is essential for subsequent normal cardiovascular development and fetal life
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • ligand for ITGA4 (VLA4A)
  • FOXO1 is an essential upstream regulator of the VCAM1 gene
  • RARRES2 plays anti-inflammatory roles by preventing TNF-induced VCAM1 expression and monocytes adhesion in vascular endothelial cells
  • PTK2 inhibition resulted in the loss of the GATA4 transcription factor required for TNF-induced VCAM1 production
  • ICAM1 and VCAM1, as reflecting endothelial dysfunction biomarkers, play key roles at the early stage of inflammatory response to facilitate leukocytes adhesion and transmigration in vascular endothelial cells
  • ITLN1 inhibition of TNF-induced expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1 is mediated by its down-regulation of ERK/NFKB signaling pathway
  • NFKB1 activity regulates mesenchymal stem cell accumulation at tumors, by inducing VCAM1 and thereby its interaction with tumor vessel endothelial cells
  • regulatory role of CEBPA on VCAM1 expression
  • ATF2 is likely functionally required for VEGFA-stimulated endothelial VCAM1 gene expression
  • PDE4A inhibition regulates VCAM1 through a novel RAPGEF3-dependent mechanism, which involves regulatory epigenetic components and reduces neointima formation following vascular injury
  • APOM suppressed TNF-induced expression of ICAM1 and VCAM1 through inhibiting the activity of NFKB1
  • GAS6-FOXO1 signaling axis plays an important role in VCAM1 expression in the context of venous thromboembolism (VTE)
  • mitochondrial TSPO can inhibit phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced endothelial inflammation via suppression of VCAM1 and mitochondrial ROS production in endothelial cells
  • IRF5 targeted the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) at the transcriptional level by binding to its promoter
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by adiponectin and leptin (induce VCAM1 expression in chondrocytes)
    inhibited by ZC3H12A (negatively regulates VCAM1)
    Other insulin potentiates cytokine-induced VCAM1 expression in human endothelial cells
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    on blood vessels and muscle fibres in inflammatory myopathies as compared to controls
    constitutional     --over  
    in Alzheimer disease, and VCAM1 levels significantly reflected the severity of dementia
    constitutional     --other  
    expression by cholangiocytes in chronic hepatitis contributes to persistent inflammation
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • appears to be useful in risk stratification of chronic heart failure (CHF) patients and in screening, to identify subjects at risk for heart failure related events
  • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    neurosensorialvisualretina
    antagonism of VCAM1 provides a potential therapy to combat worsening of neovascular diseases by oxidative stress
    cancer  
    potential target in cancer treatment
    cancerreproductivebreast
    targeting VCAM1 is an attractive strategy for therapeutic intervention
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS