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FLASH GENE
Symbol TRH contributors: mct - updated : 17-03-2014
HGNC name thyrotropin-releasing hormone
HGNC id 12298
Corresponding disease
TRHD thyrotropin releasing hormone deficiency
Location 3q22.1      Physical location : 129.693.113 - 129.696.776
Synonym name
  • protirelin
  • prothyroliberin
  • TSH-releasing factor
  • Synonym symbol(s) MGC125964, MGC125965
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    SPECIAL FEATURE arranged in tandem
    STRUCTURE 3.55 kb     3 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    Binding site
    text structure
  • PKC and ERK signaling thus modulate glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity and its interaction with CREB or AP1 at the TRH gene promoter
  • MAPPING cloned Y linked   status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    3 - 1890 - 242 - 2004 15328193
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Reproductivefemale systemovary   
     female systemuteruscervix  
    Respiratorylung    
    Visualeye    
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow   
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    precursor with six repetitive potential TRH coding sequences
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY signaling hormone
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,granule
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • tripeptide hormone produced by the hypothalamus in response to hypothyroidism
  • may function as a melanoma autocrine growth factor
  • role of the TRH neuron as a central integrator of energy homeostasis
  • regulates energy homeostasis and autonomic responses
  • stimulates the release of prolactin as well as that of TSH
  • selectively stimulates human hair follicle pigmentation
  • inhibits melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons by increasing synaptic inhibition from local GABA neurons, and inhibition of MCH neurons may contribute to the TRH-mediated reduction in food intake and sleep
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling hormonal
    thyroid
    a component
  • most proximal component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis that regulates thyroid hormone synthesis
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • hypothalamic neuronal histamine mediates the TRH-induced suppression of feeding behavior
  • PPARG modulates hypothalamic TRH regulation
  • KLF4 plays a key role in the maturation of TRH expression in hypothalamic neurons
  • TRH is a highly specific regulator of TSHB, and TRH mediated induction of TSHB, at least in part by sequential stimulation of the NR4A1-TSHB genes through a PKC and ERK1/2 pathway
  • in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus is regulated by thyroid hormone (TH)
  • CREB1 has been postulated to regulate TRH expression
  • TGFB2 regulates hypothalamic TRH expression through the TGFbeta inducible early gene-1 (TIEG1) during fetal development
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by by leptin (involves activation of STAT3 and this signaling pathway is important for regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis by leptin)
    Other
  • in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus is regulated by thyroid hormone (TH)
  • ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) TRHD
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    by melanomas and dysplastic nevi
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS