motifs/domains
| N-terminal 242 AAs containing the catalytically robust 3'/5' exonuclease |
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three exonuclease domains |
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a coiled-coil domain near the N terminus, domain contributing to the cell cycle checkpoint by regulating the intranuclear localization of ATR |
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a conserved proline-rich region on the surface |
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three LRR motifs, involved in protein-protein or protein-membrane interactions |
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a C-terminal transmembrane doamin, with leucine-rich repeat 3 (possible role in nucleus-cytoplasmic localization), playing a role in the anchorage in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, and localizes TREX1 to the cytosolic compartment |
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION
| intracellular
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
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| intracellular,nucleus
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| intracellular,nuclear envelope
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text
| ORF forming focal nuclei after DNA-damage |
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each TREX1 monomer is anchored in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane via the C-terminal transmembrane domain |
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resides in the perinuclear space of cells where it is anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum by the C-terminal hydrophobic region with the catalytic core protruding into cytosol |
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in normal S-phase and also in response to genotoxic stress, TREX1 at least partly redistributes to the cell nucleus |
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located in the cytosol, TREX1 prevents the initiation of a cell-intrinsic autoimmune pathway by degrading ssDNA derived from endogenous retroelements |
basic FUNCTION
| DNA damage checkpoint (upstream ORF) 3'exonuclease activity (downstream ORF) |
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participates in a cell death process implicating this major 3' 5' exonuclease in genomic DNA degradation to minimize potential immune activation by persistent self DNA |
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playing a critical role in cellular responses to DNA structural abnormalities in conjunction with its interacting protein, ATR |
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may be involved in caspase-independent apoptosis, in degradation of apoptotic DNA together with the SET complex |
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having a dual role as DNA-degrading enzyme in granzyme A-mediated apoptosis and potentially as cytosolic DNA sensor and this function could induce an environment in which autoimmunity is perpetually stimulated and sustained |
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acting in concert with NME1 to degrade DNA during granzyme A-mediated cell death |
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playing a direct role in the degradation of double-stranded DNA to prevent autoimmune disease |
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degrades single-stranded DNA more efficiently than double-stranded DNA, and its catalytic properties are similar to those of Escherichia coli exonuclease X |
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play a role in DNA repair and drug resistance |
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may act in degrading DNA in all cell types undergoing a dying process before phagocytosis occurs |
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inhibits the innate immune response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 |
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TREX1 residues in one protomer contributing to DNA degradation catalyzed in the opposing protomer |
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SAMHD1, TREX1, and RNase H2 participate in a cellular nucleic acid metabolic pathway that overlaps the interferon-mediated innate antiviral and inflammatory responses |
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is a regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and interferon-independent activation of antiviral genes |
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autonomous 3prime-exonuclease that degrades DNA to prevent inappropriate immune activation |
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most abundant exonuclease in mammalian cells |
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function of TREX1 as a negative regulator of macrophage inflammatory activation |