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FLASH GENE
Symbol SATB1 contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 29-08-2015
HGNC name SATB homeobox 1
HGNC id 10541
Location 3p24.3      Physical location : 18.389.133 - 18.480.265
Synonym name
  • DNA-binding protein SATB1
  • special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (binds to nuclear matrix/scaffold-associating DNA's)
  • Synonym symbol(s) DT2P1C4
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 90.99 kb     11 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    HSs hypertensive site
    text structure two major nuclease hypersensitive region DH1 and DH2
    MAPPING cloned Y linked   status confirmed
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    11 - 5423 - 763 - 2009 19332023
    15 - 3908 - 763 - 2009 19332023
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    blood / hematopoieticthymus   predominantly
    Hearing/Equilibriumear   highly
    Nervousbrainforebraincerebral cortex   Mus musculusAdult
     braindiencephalonamygdala   Mus musculusAdult
    Reproductivefemale systemplacenta  highly Homo sapiensAdult
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow  highly
    Muscularstriatumskeletal  
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticthymocyte
    Lymphoid/ImmuneB cell
    Lymphoid/Immunelymphocyte
    Nervousneuron Mus musculusAdult
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N-terminal PDZ-like motif, mediating homodimerization to bind to the specific DNA as a dimer
  • a DNA-binding similar to that of the POU-specific DNA-binding domain, sharing structural similarity to the four-helix CUT domain
  • a homeodomain (HD) spanning AA 641-702 acting in concert with the MD (MAR-binding domain) and direct SATB1 to bind to the core-unwinding element within a MAR with high affinity
  • C-terminal half, AA 346-495 harbor a Cut-like and hence can be referred to as the Cut domain (CD)
  • conjugated PhosphoP
    mono polymer dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Satb1
    intraspecies homolog to SATB2
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • CUT homeobox family
  • CATEGORY regulatory , structural protein
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus,chromatin/chromosome,nucleosome
    intracellular,nuclear envelope,matrix attachement regions
    text regulatory roles of SATB1 are dependent on its association with nuclear matrix
    basic FUNCTION
  • transcriptional regulator functioning as a "landing platform" for several chromatin remodelling enzymes and hence regulating large chromatin domain
  • first cell-type-specific transcription factor of a novel type that functions as a regulator of the transcription of large chromatin domains
  • targeting chromatin remodelling to regulate genes over long distances
  • providing a novel nuclear structure that functions as a tissue-specific organizer of DNA sequences and regulating tissue-specific nuclear architecture and gene expression
  • organizes cell type-specific nuclear architecture by anchoring specialized DNA sequences and recruiting chromatin remodeling factors to control gene transcription
  • required not only for compacting chromatin into dense loops at the 200-kb cytokine locus but also for inducing IL4, IL5, IL13 and MAF expression
  • transcriptional regulator controlling the gene expression that is essential in the maturation of the immune T-cell
  • regulates gene expression by acting as a "docking site" for several chromatin remodeling enzymes and also by recruiting corepressors (HDACs) or coactivators (HATs) directly to promoters
  • participates in the maintenance of chromatin architecture by organizing it into distinct loops via periodic tethering of matrix attachment regions (MARs) to the nuclear matrix
  • MAR-binding protein, found to regulate beta-like globin genes through chromatin remodeling
  • regulates beta-globin cluster through linking nuclear architecture, chromatin structure and functional organization of DNA sequences
  • involved in organizing higher-order chromatin structure, including the subnuclear organization of individual genes within multigene clusters
  • essential for proper facial patterning of the embryo and for normal bone development
  • function of SATB1 and SATB2 is critically required for the proper differentiation of ES cells into somatic cells
  • direct downstream target of TP63, contributing in epidermal morphogenesis via establishing tissue-specific chromatin organization and gene expression in epidermal progenitor cells
  • plays potentially a critical role in cortical neurons to facilitate neuronal plasticity
  • SATB1, SATB2 proteins promote trophoblast stem cell renewal and inhibit differentiation
  • mediates Wnt signaling by recruiting CTNNB1 to its genomic targets and coordinates T helper type 2 (T(H)2) differentiation by positively regulating GATA3
  • novel role of SATB1 in cell type-specific regulation of replication timing along the chromosome
  • IKZF2 and SATB1, are considered to be important in proper Treg development
  • is a regulator that promotes hematopoietic stem cells quiescence and represses lineage commitment
  • coordinates gene expression of progenitor cells by functioning as a genome organizer
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component SATB1 and SATB2 can form both homodimers and heterodimers via a highly conserved PDZ domain
    INTERACTION
    DNA binding selectively to nuclear matrix/scaffold associated regions of DNA, i.e. MARbeta,upstream of the T cell receptor beta gene,with five or more CAG repeats
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • POLR25
  • bind the NANOG locus and the balance of SATB1 and SATB2 contributes to the plasticity of NANOG expression and embryonic stem cell pluripotency
  • represses the expression of genes encoding the pluripotency factors NANOG, KLF4, and TBX3
  • during early apoptosis, SATB1 was a key regulator of BCL2 expression
  • TP63 executes its function in part by directly regulating expression of the genome organizer SATB1 in progenitor cells
  • EOMES is a target for SATB proteins, SATB1, SATB2
  • role for ATM as a suppressor of SATB1-induced malignancy in breast epithelial cells
  • IKZF2 up-regulate expression of FOXP3 protein, whereas SATB1 is known to inhibit its expression (
  • interaction of SATB1 with the retinoblastoma (RB)/E2F pathway downstream of CDKN2A
  • effect of AMELX overexpression in upregulating amelogenins, MMP20 and SATB1, suggests a role in protein regulation critical to ameloblast secretion and matrix processing, to form a mineralized enamel matrix
  • ELAVL4 promotes neuronal differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) in the adult subventricular zone by stabilizing the mRNA of SATB1, a critical transcriptional regulator in neurodevelopment
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --low  
    deficiency in SATB1 expression in Sézary cells plays an important role in Sézary syndrome pathogenesis by causing apoptosis resistance
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • is a promising biomarker for prostate cancer (
  • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerhemopathy 
    , restoration of SATB1 expression may represent a potential molecular targeted therapy for Sézary syndrome, which does not have a cure at present
    cancerreproductiveprostate
    is a promising therapeutic target for prostate cancer
    cancerbone 
    silencing SATB1 expression in the cells might be developed as an efficient osteosarcoma therapy
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Satb1(-/-) mice show impaired epidermal morphology