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FLASH GENE

Symbol

SAT1

contributors: mct - updated : 16-03-2022

HGNC name	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1
HGNC id	10540

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Corresponding disease	DUPXP chromosome Xp duplications KFSD keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans
Location	Xp22.11      Physical location : 23.801.274 - 23.804.325
Synonym name	putrescine acetyltransferase
	polyamine N-acetyltransferase 1
	diamine acetyltransferase 1
	spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase alpha
Synonym symbol(s)	SSAT, ATDA, SAT, DC21, SSAT-1, KFSD, KFSDX, FLJ17136
EC.number	2.3.1.57

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	3.02 kb     6 Exon(s)

regulatory sequence	Binding site   HRE
text structure	binding of Sp1 to the GC-box located 42 to 51 bp upstream from the transcription start site
	a polyamine-responsive element

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

provisional

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_002970 6 - 1089 NP_002961 19.9 171 - 2014 23701549

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive pharynx       highly   salivary gland       moderately Hearing/Equilibrium ear       moderately Lymphoid/Immune spleen       moderately Reproductive female system ovary     highly Visual eye anterior segment

cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion	highly in blood

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

mono polymer

homomer , tetramer

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	homolog to rattus Sat1 (96.5 pc)
	homolog to murine Sat1 (96.5 pc)

Homologene

FAMILY

acetyltransferase family

CATEGORY

enzyme

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	plasma membrane
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
text	colocalized with SLC3A2

basic FUNCTION	involved in the regulation of polyamine transport out of cells
	catalyzing the N(1)-acetylation of spermidine and spermine and, by the successive activity of polyamine oxidase, spermine can be converted to spermidine and spermidine to putrescine
	acting as an acyltransferase
	may facilitate excretion of acetylated polyamines
	functioning as a cardioprotectant under ATP-depleted conditions
	enzyme involved in polyamine catabolism
	promotes acetylation of histone H3, suggesting a new role of SAT1 in chromatin remodeling and regulation of gene expression
	SAT1-mediated polyamine catabolism regulates beige adipocyte biogenesis
	is a novel regulator of hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) fate

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

amine

signaling

being a rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolic pathway of polyamine metabolism

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	interacting with SLC3A2
	SAT1 has been reported to exert other effects in cells by its interaction with other cellular proteins, but EIF5A is the first target protein specifically acetylated by SAT1
	depletion of the polyamines spermidine and spermine by overexpression of SAT1 leads to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in mammalian cells
	TP53 can enhance ferroptosis by inhibiting the expression of SLC7A11 or by enhancing that of SAT1 and GLS2

cell & other

REGULATION

induced by	ischemia
		AMPK signaling

inhibited by

K-RAS (negatively regulates SLC3A2 and SAT1 expression)

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

KFSD , DUPXP

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene
Marker
Therapy target
	System Type Disorder Pubmed cancer brain glioma/neuroblstoma may potentially be a therapeutic target to sensitize GBM to cancer therapies

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS