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FLASH GENE
Symbol RARS contributors: mct - updated : 05-07-2017
HGNC name arginyl-tRNA synthetase
HGNC id 9870
Corresponding disease
HLD9 hypomyelinating leukodystrophy-9
Location 5q34      Physical location : 167.913.462 - 167.946.307
Synonym name
  • arginine tRNA ligase
  • arginine tRNA ligase 1, cytoplasmic
    • Synonym symbol(s) SYR, DALRD1, MGC8641, ArgRS, HLD9
    EC.number 6.1.1.19
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 32.85 kb     15 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    15 - 2154 75.2 660 - 2014 2489825
    - splicing - - - - 2014 2489825
  • N-terminal truncated form (NhcArgRS), free in the cytoplasm
    		•
    EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousbrain    
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N terminus with two regions predicted to be alpha-helical, forming a long coiled-coil structure with the N-terminal helix of AIMP1 and anchors the C-terminal core of QARS, thereby playing a central role in assembly of the three components
  • an active center
  • the anticodon-binding domain
  • and the Add1 domain, that plays a crucial role in recognizing the D-loop region of tRNAArg
    • mono polymer monomer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to C.elegans F26f4.10
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • class 1 amionoacyl tRNA synthetase family
    • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • proteasomes and RARS modulate AIMP1/EMAP II secretion in human cancer cell lines
  • plays an essential role in the first step of protein biosynthesis by catalyzing the attachment of amino acids to the 3prime-end of their cognate tRNAs active center
  • participates in both protein synthesis and protein degradation, playing significant roles in the protein quality control system of mammalian cells
  • tRNA-binding protein that catalyzes the esterification of L-arginine to its cognate tRNA
    • CELLULAR PROCESS protein, translation/synthesis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • component protein of the N-end rule pathway, so we ask whether heme interacts with RARS
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • hemin can bind to both forms of RARS and inhibit their enzymatic activities
  • importance of interactions between the N-terminal domains of RARS and AIMP1 for the catalytic and noncatalytic activities of RARS and for the assembly of the higher-order multisynthetase complex (MSC) protein complex
  • AIMP1 N terminus region 1–70 aa is a binding partner of the MSC complex RARS )
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other might be regulated by hemin in the N-end rule pathway in human cells
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) HLD9
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS