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FLASH GENE
Symbol RALA contributors: npt/mct - updated : 25-11-2010
HGNC name v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)
HGNC id 9839
Location 7p14.1      Physical location : 39.663.161 - 39.747.715
Synonym name
  • ras related gene
  • RAS-like,GTP binding protein A
  • RAS-like protein A
  • Ras-related protein Ral-A
  • Ras family small GTP binding protein RALA
    • Synonym symbol(s) RAL, MGC48949
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 84.56 kb     5 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    Physical map
    TBXAS1 7q34-q35 thromboxane A synthase 1 (platelet, cytochrome P450, family 5, subfamily A) GK003 LOC392891 7 similar to hypothetical protein FLJ12666 RALA 7p15-p14 v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related) ZC3HDC1 7q34 zinc finger CCCH type domain containing 1 LOC349114 7p14.1 hypothetical protein LOC349114 LOC392892 7 similar to capicua homolog LOC392662 7 hypothetical gene supported by NM_145716 GK003 CDC2L5 7p13 cell division cycle 2-like 5 (cholinesterase-related cell division controller) LOC392020 7 similar to hypothetical protein FLJ12666 SLC37A3 7q34 solute carrier family 37 (glycerol-3-phosphate transporter), member 3 RALA 7p15-p14 v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related) LOC392798 7 similar to RAB19, member RAS oncogene family LOC393003 7 similar to Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondrial precursor (NDP kinase, mitochondrial) (NDK) (nm23-M4) (Nucleoside diphosphate kinase D) LOC392799 7 similar to hypothetical protein LOC393004 7 similar to dGTPase (EC 3.1.5.1) - mouse (fragment) C7orf11 7p13 chromosome 7 open reading frame 11 C7orf10 7p13 chromosome 7 open reading frame 10 LOC389485 7 LOC389485 LOC393005 7 similar to Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondrial precursor (NDP kinase, mitochondrial) (NDK) (nm23-M4) (Nucleoside diphosphate kinase D) MKRN1 7q34 makorin, ring finger protein, 1 LOC349114 7p14.1 hypothetical protein LOC349114 LOC392021 7 similar to capicua homolog LOC86010 7p14.1 similar to Single-stranded DNA-binding protein 3 (Sequence-specific single-stranded-DNA-binding protein) (Lck-associated signal transducer) KIAA1277 7q34 KIAA1277 LOC392022 7 hypothetical gene supported by NM_152682 LOC254750 7p14.1 similar to KIAA1074 protein CDC2L5 7p13 cell division cycle 2-like 5 (cholinesterase-related cell division controller) ADCK2 7q32-q34 aarF domain containing kinase 2 NDUFB2 7q34-q35 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 2, 8kDa BRAF 7q34 v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 C7orf11 7p13 chromosome 7 open reading frame 11 C7orf10 7p13 chromosome 7 open reading frame 10
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    5 - 2818 - 206 - 1995 7623849
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveintestinelarge intestinecolon highly
     mouth   highly
     stomach   highly
    Endocrinepancreasislet of Langerhans  highly Homo sapiens
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Endocrineislet cell (alpha,beta...) Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to simian leukemia viral (v-ral) oncogene A
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • small GTPase superfamily
  • Ras family
    • CATEGORY regulatory , protooncogene , signaling
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    text nerve terminals
    basic FUNCTION
  • ras-like GTP-binding protein dispensable for survival, but required for anchorage-independent proliferation
  • RALA and RALB are important, functionally distinct targets for geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitors-mediated tumor apoptosis and growth inhibition
  • mediate both common and specific transcriptional programs that are associated with human cancer and identify RREB1 as a novel transcriptional effector of RAL (Oxford 2007)
  • required to tether the exocyst to the cytokinetic furrow in early cytokinesis
  • with RALB, make critical non-overlapping contributions to the generation of a tumorigenic regulatory network, supporting bypass of the normal restraints on both cell proliferation and survival
  • with its activator RALGDS participate in nutrient sensing and are indispensable for activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (MTOR) induced by extracellular nutrients
  • calmodulin (CaM)-binding protein, having a role in the regulation of PLC-delta1 function
  • control neurite branching, but also regulates neuronal polarity
  • suppresses early stages of Ras-induced squamous cell carcinoma progression
  • its activation elicited by the exchange factor RALGDS in response to a rise in intracellular Ca2+ and cAMP controls hormone release from pancreatic beta-cell by coordinating the execution of different events in the secretory pathway
  • with RALB contribute to KRas-dependent ionizing radiation resistance
  • its function in dermal fibroblasts is required for tumor progression of neighboring neoplastic keratinocytes
  • RALA and RALBP1 regulate mitochondrial fission at mitosis
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component RALA/RALB are an important component of the Ras signaling pathway and, in addition to their role in membrane trafficking, are implicated in the initiation and maintenance of tumorigenic transformation of human cells
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule nucleotide,
  • GTP
    • protein
  • interaction with RALB (collaborate to maintain tumorigenicity through regulation of both proliferation and survival)
  • interacting with PPP2R1B (tumor suppressor gene that transforms immortalized cells by regulating the function of RALA) (Sablina 2007)
  • interacting with SEC3L1
  • RALA/CSDA interaction implicated in the regulation of CSDA function
  • interacting with GRIN1 (GRIN1 activation stimulates RALA, which binds and translocates widespread RALBP1 to synapses)
  • binds to the C2 region in the C-terminal of PLC-delta1(PLCD1), and increases its enzymatic activity
  • RALA and ADRBK1 are key regulators of LPAR1 signalling (LPAR1 activity therefore facilitates the formation of a novel protein complex between these two proteins)
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by RALGDS and severely hampered upon silencing of this GDP/GTP exchange factor
    Other regulated by AURKA (AURKA phosphorylates, activates, and relocalizes the small GTPase RALA)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancer  
    RALA signaling cascade in dermal fibroblasts is a potential anticancer target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS