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FLASH GENE
Symbol PTPRZ1 contributors: mct - updated : 05-11-2013
HGNC name protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor-type, Z polypeptide 1
HGNC id 9685
Location 7q31.3      Physical location : 121.513.158 - 121.702.088
Synonym name
  • receptor-type tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta
  • soluble protein phosphacan
  • Synonym symbol(s) PYPZ, PTP18, RPTPB, HPTPZ, HPTPzeta, PTPZ, RPTPbeta, PTPRZ
    EC.number 3.1.3.48
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 188.93 kb     30 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    Binding site   transcription factor
    text structure
  • binding of HIF and ELK1 to the PTPRZ1 promoter region
  • MAPPING cloned Y linked   status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    30 splicing 5589 - 1455 - 2008 18713734
    30 splicing 8169 - 2315 - 2008 18713734
    29 splicing 5568 - 1448 predominantly expressed in hypothalamic astrocytes 2007 17927663
  • short PTPRZ1 isoform that uses its carbonic anhydrase (CAH) extracellular subdomain to interact with neuronal contactin
  • interacts with neuronal contactin to mediate glial-GNRH1 neurone adhesiveness
  • EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestivemouth   highly
    Nervous hindbraincerebellum   Homo sapiens
     brainlimbic systemhippocampusdentate gyrus 
    Respiratoryrespiratory tracttrachea  highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervouscentral    Homo sapiens
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousastrocyte Homo sapiens
    Nervousoligodendrocyte Homo sapiens
    NervousPurkinje cell Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N-terminal carbonic anhydrase-like (CA-like), interacting directly with the second and third immunoglobulin repeats of the members of the contactin (CNTN) family of neural recognition molecules
  • a fibronectin type III (FNIII) repeat
  • two protein-tyrosine phosphatase domains
  • a spacer region, and a large insert with attachment sites for chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan
  • cytoplasmic portion is composed of two tyrosine phosphatase domains
  • extracellular region of PTPRZ controling the maturation of oligodendrocytes
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Ptprz
    Homologene
    FAMILY protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, receptor class 5 subfamily
    CATEGORY receptor membrane tyrosine
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • may be involved in the regulation of specific developmental processes in the CNS
  • CSPG4 and PTPRZ1 were both present in the evolving astroglial scar and, therefore, might play an important role in the blockade of successful CNS regeneration
  • mediate cell adhesion and signaling events during development
  • PTPRG, PTPRZ1 and CNTNs are a group of receptors and ligands involved in the manifold recognition events that underlie the construction of neural networks
  • soluble protein phosphacan regulating critical step of oligodendrogenesis and is a potential promyelinating factor to repair myelin lesions in the CNS
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, differentiation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
  • PTN/PTPRZ1 signaling pathway may be constitutively activated and potentially function to constitutively activate ALK in human breast cancer
  • a component PTPRZ1/CNTN1 complex is a previously unknown modulator of oligodendrogenesis
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • uses pleiotrophin as a ligand, and Pleiotrophin inactivates the phosphatase activity of PTPRZ1, resulting in the increase of tyrosine phosphorylation levels of its substrates
  • pleiotrophin-PTPRZ1 signaling controls subcellular localization of DNER and thereby regulates neuritogenesis
  • MGAT5B-mediated glycosylation of PTPRZ1 promotes galectin-1 binding and PTPRZ1 levels of retention on the cell surface
  • binds only to CNTN1, not other CNTN
  • multiple substrate proteins, including G protein-coupled receptor kinase-interactor 1 (GIT1), membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing 1 (MAGI1), and GTPase-activating protein for Rho GTPase (ARHGAP35)
  • binds specifically to CNTN1 expressed at the surface of oligodendrocyte precursor cells
  • IGFBP2 stimulates osteoblast differentiation and this effect is mediated through its heparin-binding domain-1 interacting with PTPRZ1
  • IGFBP2/IGF1 stimulated vimentin binding to PTPRZ1 and this was required for PTPRZ1 polymerization
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by preferential activation of PTPRZ1 by EPAS1 results at least in part from cooperative binding of EPAS1 and ELK1 to nearby sites on the PTPRZ1 promoter region
    Other regulated by PTN, for enhancing the activity of different systems important in cytoskeletal stability and the strength of cell-cell adhesion in stimulating degradation of cytoskeletal proteins
    MGAT5B is a regulator of PTPRZ1 signaling that influences cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in the developing nervous system
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in a number of tumors and has been implicated in glioblastoma pathogenesis
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Ptprz-deficient adult mice display impairments in spatial and contextual learning
  • Ptprz-deficient mice show that the binding of Ptprz to Cntn1 expressed at the surface of oligodendrocyte precursor cells inhibits their proliferation and promotes their development into mature oligodendrocytes