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FLASH GENE
Symbol PTP4A1 contributors: shn/npt - updated : 28-12-2016
HGNC name protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 1
HGNC id 9634
Location 6q12      Physical location : 64.281.919 - 64.293.488
Synonym name phosphatase of regenerating liver 1
Synonym symbol(s) PRL1, HH72, PRL-1, PTP(CAAX1), PTPCAAX1, DKFZp779M0721
EC.number 3.1.3.48
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 11.57 kb     6 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
text structure
  • a p53 response element in the first intron
  • MAPPING cloned Y linked   status provisional
    Map cen - D6S1048 - D6S1628 - PTP4A1 - D6S1658 - D6S1005 - qter
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    text contains 2 promoters : TATA box was identified in promoter P1 upstream of the non-coding first exon and a non-canonical internal promoter, P2, in the first intron that results in PRL-1 transcripts beginning 8 base pairs downstream of the 5'-end of exon 2 and causes no alteration in the encoded protein. An enhancer complex (PIEC), is localized to the first intron of the human PRL-1 gene (Peng et al, 1998)
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    6 - 5099 21 173 in neurons and oligodendrocytes in the brain Diamond (1994); Takano (1996)
    8 - 4918
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveintestinesmall intestine  highly
     intestinelarge intestine  moderately
     liver   lowly
     stomach   moderately
    Endocrinepancreas   moderately
    Gustatory (taste)tongue   moderately
    Lymphoid/Immunespleen   lowly
     thymus   lowly
    Nervousbrain   highly
    Reproductivefemale systemoviduct  highly
     female systemuterus  highly
     female systemplacenta  moderately
     female systemuteruscervix highly
     female systembreast  moderately
     male systemprostate  moderately
     male systemtestis  highly
    Respiratorylung   highly
    Skin/Tegument    moderately
    Urinarybladder   highly
     kidney   lowly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Muscularstriatumskeletal lowly
    cell lineage
    cell lines HeLa, HepG2, Cvi, Burkitt lymphoma
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    Text liver
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a tyrosine-protein phosphatase domain
  • C-terminal polybasic region important for specific phosphoinositide recognition, with prenylation motif CAAX
  • mono polymer homomer , monomer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to ptp4a1, Danio rerio
    ortholog to Ptp4a1, Rattus norvegicus
    ortholog to Ptp4a1, Mus musculus
    ortholog to PTP4A1, Pan troglodytes
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • protein-tyrosine phosphatase family
  • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule,mitotic spindle
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • immediate early gene in regenerating liver, involved in cellular growth of the liver
  • may play a role in the development and maintenance of differentiating epithelial tissues
  • implicated in promoting cell growth, differentiation, and tumor invasion
  • enhancing cell proliferation, cell motility and invasive activity, and promotes cancer metastasis
  • may be a significant regulator in the development and metastasis of a variety of cancer types
  • may contribute to tumor development by the downregulation of p53 by a negative feedback mechanism
  • trimer formation is essential for PRL1-mediated cell growth and migration
  • play an important role in the regulation of neural function
  • PHF3 and/or PTP4A1 might play a functional role in alcohol dependence
  • PTP4A1, PTP4A2, PTP4A3 are key contributors to metastasis in several human cancers
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, differentiation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • ATF-7
  • P53, P21
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    inhibited by sodium orthovanadate and pentamidine
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS