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FLASH GENE

Symbol

PLG

contributors: mct - updated : 01-03-2017

HGNC name	plasminogen
HGNC id	9071

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Corresponding disease	PLG conjunctivitis, ligneous TRDP thrombosis, recurrent, dysplasminogenemic type
Location	6q26      Physical location : 161.123.224 - 161.175.083
EC.number	3.4.21.7

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	51.86 kb     19 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

Y

status

confirmed

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_000301 19 - 3538 NP_000292 - 810 - 2006 16478887 NM_001168338 5 - 1200 NP_001161810 - 136 - 2006 16478887

EXPRESSION

Type	restricted

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive liver       highly Lymphoid/Immune spleen         Nervous brain diencephalon hypothalamus     Mus musculus   brain forebrain cerebral cortex     Mus musculus   brain limbic system hippocampus     Mus musculus Urinary kidney

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Nervous neuron Mus musculus

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	five cysteine-rich kringle domains
	a protease domain

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY

CATEGORY

enzyme

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
	plasma membrane

basic FUNCTION	dissolving the fibrin of blood clots and acting as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling,
	tumor invasion, and inflammation
	is a protease that binds to the ECM and, upon conversion to plasmin, degrades multiple ECM proteins
	Angiostatin, a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen, is a potent endogenous antiangiogenic agent
	role of plasminogen activation in neuronal organization and survival
	unanticipated role of PLG in the regulation of gene expression and cholesterol metabolism by macrophages and identify PLG-mediated regulation of leukotriene B4 as an underlying mechanism
	is a critical factor of the tissue fibrinolytic system, which mediates tissue repair in the skin and liver
	contributes to angiogenesis related to macrophage accumulation, TGFB1, and VEGFA, thereby leading to the enhancement of bone repair
	has a role in airway inflammation
	PLG-dependent proteolysis has a beneficial effect during neurological recovery after stroke, at least in part, by promoting axonal remodeling in the denervated spinal cord
	may play an important role in innate immunity by changing expression of genes that contribute to phagocytosis

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

coagulation/hemostasis

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

sensory transduction/vision

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	PLG regulates MMP9-dependent CXCR4 expression to facilitate hematopoietic progenitor and stem cell (HPSC) mobilization in response to CSF3
	binding of ADAMTS13 to Lys-PLG may play an important role to localize these two proteases at sites of thrombus formation or vascular injury where the fibrinolytic system is activated
	PLG-dependent CD36 expression and foam cell formation depended on conversion of PLG to plasmin, binding to the macrophage surface, and the consequent intracellular signaling that leads to production of leukotriene B4
	PLG stimulates airway smooth muscle (ASM) cytokine production in a manner regulated by ANXA2
	PLAT converts the zymogen plasminogen (PLG) into plasmin
	PLG may regulate the DPP4 activity and the glucose metabolism

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

PLG , TRDP

Susceptibility

to Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) to atherosclerosis and periodontitis

Variant & Polymorphism SNP	rs4252134 increasing the risk of GCA
	risk alleles in the genes CDKN2B-AS1, CAMTA1 and PLG that are shared between coronary artery disease (CAD) and periodontitis

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

	Plg deficiency attenuates postnatal erythropoiesis in male C57BL/6 mice through decreased activity of the LH-testosterone axis
	Plg(-/-) mice display decreased bone mineral density
	after induction of peritonitis by thioglycollate injection, we found that Plg(-/-) mice displayed diminished macrophage trans-ECM migration and decreased MMP9 activation