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FLASH GENE
Symbol PAPPA2 contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 24-09-2013
HGNC name pappalysin 2
HGNC id 14615
Location 1q25.1      Physical location : 176.432.306 - 176.811.968
Synonym name
  • pregnancy-associated plasma protein-E
  • pregnancy-associated plasma preproprotein-A2
  • placenta-specific 3
  • Synonym symbol(s) PAPPE, PAPP-A2, PLAC3, PAPP-E
    EC.number 3.4.24.-
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 382.43 kb     23 Exon(s)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    23 - 6940 198 1791 - 2001 11264294
    5 - 4370 - 827 - 2001 11264294
    EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Reproductivefemale systemplacenta    Homo sapiensAdult
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period pregnancy
    Text placenta, localized to the syncytiotrophoblast (
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    HOMOLOGY
    intraspecies homolog to PAPPA
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • peptidase M43B family
  • metzincin superfamily
  • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    basic FUNCTION
  • involved in placenta development and foetus maternal interface
  • may have insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-5 proteinase activity
  • protease that cleaves IGF-binding proteins
  • may be up-regulated in pre-eclamptic pregnancy to compensate for IGFBP5-mediated suppression of the IGF pathway, although final birthweights are still low in pre-eclamptic pregnancy
  • may play roles in fetal development, independent of its action in the placenta
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, differentiation
    cell life, proliferation/growth
    protein, degradation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS development
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding,
  • ion Zn2+
  • protein
  • cleaves IGFBPs produced in the maternal decidua to promote feto-placental growth
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in placentas of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • has potential as a biomarker for pre-eclampsia
  • may be a useful biomarker of placental dysfunction 8)
  • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • adult femur and body length were also reduced in Papp-A2 KO mice, but without significant effects on bone mineral density