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FLASH GENE
Symbol MMP19 contributors: mct - updated : 01-12-2014
HGNC name matrix metalloproteinase 19
HGNC id 7165
Location 12q13.2      Physical location : 56.229.214 - 56.236.735
Synonym symbol(s) RASI-1, MMP18
EC.number 3.4.24.-
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 7.55 kb     9 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
regulatory sequence Promoter (TATA box)
Binding site   transcription factor
text structure AP1,PE5
MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
9 - 3294 57.2 508 - 2000 10903435
MMP19 isof RASF1
7 - 3026 - 305 widely 2000 10903435
MMP19 isof RASI6
- - 3820 - 85 widely 2000 10903435
- - 2040 - 222 widely 2000 10903435
EXPRESSION
Type widely
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
blood / hematopoieticspleen    
Digestiveintestine    
Nervousbrain   lowly Homo sapiens
Respiratorylung   highly
Skin/Tegumentskin     Homo sapiens
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularendothelial cell Homo sapiens
Skin/Tegumentepidermal secretory cell
Skin/Tegumenthair follicle cell
Skin/Tegumentkeratinocyte Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period pregnancy
Text placenta
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • prodomain with a cysteine residue, essential for latency and involved in autocatalytic activation
  • a catalytic domain with the zinc binding site (the cysteine switch)
  • a hinge region
  • a C terminal hemopexin-like domain
  • conjugated HemoP , MetalloP
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY MMP family
    CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • regulator in matrix remodeling
  • degradation of aggrecan, COMP in arthritic disease
  • playing a role a role in cutaneous wound repair
  • secreted protease that together with epilysin (MMP28) forms a structural subgroup of MMPs
  • catalytic activity of MMP19 plays an important role in antitumor and antiangiogenesis activities
  • MMP14 and MMP19 are proteolytic enzymes potentially involved in aneurysm formation in the ascending aorta of patients with tricuspid aortic valves
  • MMP14 and MMP19 have been demonstrated to play an important role in the development of human gliomas
  • is associated with the development and progression of non–small cell lung cancer
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding,
    zinc Zn2+
    protein
  • binding TIMPs in a 1 : 1 stoechiometry
  • its expression in keratinocytes is repressed by POU2F3, POU3F1
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by proteinases
    inhibited by TIMPs and TFPI2
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional       gain of function
    induced by lung injury may play a protective role in the development of fibrosis through the induction of PTGS2
    tumoral     --low  
    in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
    tumoral     --over  
    in proliferating astrocytoma/glioma cells, and its expression may facilitate their invasion through brain extracellular matrix components
    tumoral       gain of function
    during melanoma progression and increases invasion of melanoma cells
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • may be a potential biomarker of disease severity and outcome
  • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Mmp19-deficient mice showed impaired T cell-mediated immune reaction that was characterized by limited influx of inflammatory cells, low proliferation of keratinocytes, and reduced number of activated CD8(+) T cells in draining lymph nodes