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FLASH GENE
Symbol LXN contributors: mct - updated : 24-08-2022
HGNC name latexin
HGNC id 13347
Location 3q25.32      Physical location : 158.384.203 - 158.390.482
Synonym name
  • tissue carboxypeptidase inhibitor
  • endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor
  • Synonym symbol(s) ECI, TCI
    DNA
    TYPE virus associated
    STRUCTURE 6.23 kb     6 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    cytosine-phosphate-guanine/HTF
    text structure
  • lacks typical TATA or CAAT boxes but has several GC-rich sites
  • up and downstream regulatory elements involved in the control of cell type-specific expression
  • MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    6 - 1071 29 222 - 2019 30914656
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveintestinelarge intestinecolon highly
     mouthtongue   
    Endocrineparathyroid   highly
    Nervousbrain   moderately
    Reproductivemale systemprostate  highly Homo sapiens
    Respiratoryrespiratory tractlarynx  highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Connectiveadipose  highly
    Epithelialabsorptive excretory  highly Homo sapiens
    Nervouscentral   
    Nervousperipherous   
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N- and C-terminal domains
  • an alpha helix enveloped by a curved beta sheet, separated by a connecting segment
  • potential heparin/heparan sulfate-binding sites
  • two nearly identical domains that have a high conformational homology with the cystatins (Kadouchi 2009)
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus carboxypeptidase A inhibitor
    intraspecies homolog to cystatins
    Homologene
    FAMILY protease inhibitor I47 (latexin) family
    CATEGORY regulatory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • nuclear localization of latexin in chondrocytes appearing during fracture repair (Kadouchi 2009)
  • detected in the nucleus of prostate epithelial cells
  • basic FUNCTION
  • specific inhibitor of carboxypeptidase A
  • metallocarboxypeptidases containing a characteristic alpha/beta hydrolase fold
  • plays an important role in regulating the activity of hematopoietic stem cells (Kadouchi 2009)
  • regulator of hematopoietic stem cells
  • involved in BMP2-induced chondrocyte differentiation and plays an important role in skeletogenesis and skeletal regeneration (Kadouchi 2009)
  • inhibits the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by facilitating the lodgment of HSCs within a bone marrow niche to maintain HSC homeostasis
  • plays an important role in the maintenance of homeostatic hematopoiesis, and it may lead to development of safe and effective approaches to manipulate HSCs for clinical benefit
  • potential role for LXN in retinoid signaling and inflammatory pathways
  • LXN is a novel regulator for morphological maintenance of endothelial cells (ECs), and LXN deficiency has a protective effect on vascular homeostasis
  • carboxypeptidase inhibitor, playing important role in the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells
  • LXN is a key positive regulator of adipocyte differentiation
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component CPA4/LXN complex
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • interaction between latexin and heparan sulfate during extracellular matrix synthesis in cartilage (Kadouchi 2009)
  • LXN may function as a tumor suppressor that targets PROM1-positive pancreatic cancer cells
  • LXN interacts with Filamin A (FLNA) and regulates FLNA proteolytic cleavage and nuclei translocation
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by BMP2 in RUNX2-deficient mesenchymal cells during chondrocyte and osteoblast differentiation (Kadouchi 2009)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in the early phase of bone fracture (Kadouchi 2009)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    obesity  
    therapeutics targeting LXN could be effective in preventing obesity and its associated disorders in clinical settings
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • mice deficient in LXN showed resistance against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance and hepatic steatosis